基于地球物理技术的南天山榆树岭煤矿采空区探测

Exploration of goaf in Yushuling coal mine of South Tianshan based on geophysical technology

煤矿采空区的存在直接威胁到矿井的安全高效生产,必须对采空区范围进行探测。现有的采空区探测方法有工程地质法、地球物理法、钻探法等多种,但采用单一方法存在多解性和不确定性。在采空区地球物理特征研究的基础上,开展了采空区平面范围预测关键技术研究,提出了工程地质测绘、地球物理勘探和工程地质钻探相结合的综合预测方法:首先通过工程地质测绘圈定采空区的大致范围,然后利用瞬变电磁法进一步描述采空区分布,应用浅层三维地震资料精细刻画采空区分布,最后通过工程钻探检验地震刻画的采空区边界。将该方法应用于榆树岭煤矿采空区平面范围探测,在下5煤层共探测采空区两处,提高了采空区探测的准确性和可靠性,证明该方法可在煤矿开采工程中推广应用。

The existence of coal mine goafs will directly threaten the safe and efficient production of mines,and the scope of the goaf must be detected.The existing goaf detection methods include engineering geological method,geophysical method,drilling method and so on,but there are multiple solutions and uncertainties in using a single method.Based on the study of geophysical characteristics of goaf,the key technology of plane range prediction of goaf is studied,and a comprehensive prediction method combining engineering geological mapping,geophysical exploration and engineering geological drilling is proposed.Firstly,the approximate range of goaf is delineated by engineering geological mapping.Then,the transient electromagnetic method is used to further describe the distribution of goaf,and the shallow 3D seismic data is used to describe the fine distribution of goaf.Finally,the boundary of goaf depicted by earthquake is tested by engineering drilling.The method is applied to the plane range detection of the goaf in Yushuling Coal Mine.Two goafs are detected in the lower 5 coal seam,which improves the accuracy and reliability of the goaf detection.It is proved that the method can be popularized and applied in coal mining engineering.