公路隧道突发事件中横向疏散特性研究

Study on lateral evacuation characteristics in highway tunnel emergencies

为研究双洞单线公路隧道在发生火灾时隧道内部人员的逃生问题,本文以G15沈海高速猫狸岭隧道“8.27”较大货车起火事故为背景,运用Pathfinder软件研究横向疏散通道间距、不同车型对公路隧道人员疏散的影响,以期为双洞单线公路隧道安全疏散通道设计、疏散路径设计等提供理论基础。结果表明:当疏散方式均为横向疏散时,车行横道由于其净空宽度较大,在人员疏散过程中对人员拥挤的影响较小,因此在安全疏散中起到关键性作用。相比之下,隧道两端的出入口在人员安全疏散过程中起到了次要作用。隧道内的车型对疏散有重大影响,尤其是大客车,内部人员疏散时间较长,导致整体疏散效率低下,是所有疏散人群中疏散速度最慢的群体。

In order to investigate the evacuation of personnel in the event of a fire in a dual-tube single-lane highway tunnel,this paper takes the background of the"8.27"major truck fire incident in the G15 Shenhai Expressway Maoli Ridge Tunnel,and uses Pathfinder software to study the impact of the lateral evacuation channel spacing and different vehicle types on the evacuation of personnel in highway tunnels.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the design of safe evacuation channels and evacuation path planning in dual-tube single-lane highway tunnels.The results indicate that when the evacuation is carried out laterally,the vehicle lanes play a crucial role due to their wider clearance width,resulting in a minimal impact on overcrowding during the personnel evacuation process.In comparison,the entrances and exits at both ends of the tunnel play a secondary role in the safety evacuation of personnel.The type of vehicles inside the tunnel has a significant impact on evacuation,especially for large buses,where the internal evacuation time is longer,leading to an overall lower efficiency in evacuation speed compared to all other evacuation groups.