西宁市中老年人膝骨关节炎患病情况及影响因素探讨

Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis and its influencing factors in the middle-aged and elderly in Xining City

目的调查西宁市中老年人膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的患病情况及影响因素,为预防老年人KOA提供依据。方法选择2022年4—12月因骨关节不适在青海大学附属医院就诊的632例患者作为调查对象,开展KOA相关因素问卷调查、体格检查、基于X线的KOA影像学及临床诊断分级评估,采用单因素χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析中老年人KOA患病影响因素。结果调查的632例中共600例有效应答,符合KOA诊断的患者552例,患病率为92.00%。不同年龄、性别、BMI、运动情况及有无基础病史其KOA检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析则表明年龄越大(OR=1.990,95%CI:1.052~3.764)、女性(OR=2.275,95%CI:1.232~4.202)、BMI(OR=2.826,95%CI:1.064~7.503)、无运动习惯(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.391~5.013)及合并基础疾病(OR=2.840,95%CI:1.533~5.262)是KOA发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论西宁市中老年人KOA发病率高于全国平均水平,高龄、女性、高BMI、无运动习惯及合并基础性疾病的人群更容易发生KOA,针对此类群体应采用针对性预防措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of knee osteoarthritis(KOA)among the middle-aged and elderly in Xining City,and to provide a basis for KOA prevention in the elderly.Methods We selected 632 bone and joint discomfort patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from April to December 2022 to serve as the surveyed subjects.A questionnaire survey of KOA related factors,physical examination,KOA imaging based on X-ray and clinical diagnosis grading evaluation were conducted.Single factorχ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the factors influencing KOA in the middle-aged and elderly.Results Among the 632 patients surveyed,a total of 600 patients responded effectively,and<2ae9><2a552 were diagnosed with KOA,with the prevalence rate of 92.00%.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of KOA among patients with different ages,genders,body mass index(BMI),physical exercise status and basic medical history(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that advanced age(OR=1.990,95%CI:1.052-3.764),females(OR=2.275,95%CI:1.232-4.202),body mass index(BMI)(OR=2.826,95%CI:1.064-7.503),having no exercise habits(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.391-5.013)and having associated underlying diseases(OR=2.840,95%CI:1.533-5.262)were risk factors for the occurrence of KOA.Conclusion The incidence rate of KOA among the middle-aged and elderly in Xining City is higher than the national average level.People with advanced age,females,and people with high BMI,having no exercise habits and complicated with underlying diseases are more likely to develop KOA,hence targeted preventive measures should be adopted for such groups.