西汉昌邑王国辅臣规谏刘贺的政治意蕴

Political Connotations of Government Officials’s Counsel to Emperor LIU He of Changyi Kingdom in Western Han Dynasty

西汉昌邑王国国主刘贺的两大辅臣王吉、龚遂,基于儒士本色和自己的政治追求,积极规谏刘贺以止其非,教导刘贺成为积极有为的王国之主。值刘贺被权臣霍光选为嗣君并登帝位之时,两人又着力规谏刘贺要恪守家国的忠孝礼制,和好霍光。王吉、龚遂因各自的性格和人生履历,规谏刘贺的内容与方式虽不尽相同,但都富含作为王国辅臣的能力与智慧,特别是在刘贺被选为嗣君的关键时刻,他们向霍光曲折地表达了自己输诚的心声,从而在刘贺政治失败后只是受到了较轻的刑罚。王吉、龚遂规谏的刘贺言行及其政治宿命,从一个特别的层面揭示出西汉武帝尊崇儒术后对地方王国政治的深刻影响,以及昭宣之际的霍光政局的政治文化性格。

Wang ji and Gong sui were the two major aides of Liu he who was the king of Changyi Kingdom in the Western Han Dynasty.Based on their Confucian nature and political pursuit,they admonished actively Liu against his wrongdoing and taught him to be a positive and promising king.When Liu was chosen as the heir of emperor by the powerful minister Huo guang and ascended to the throne,they also admonished strongly him to abide by the the loyalty and filial piety system of the country and get along well with Huo.Originating from their respective personalities and life experiences,Wang’s and Gong’s ways and contents to admonishing were different.Howev-er,they were wise and competent to serve as the auxiliary ministers of kingdom.Especially at the critical moment when Liu was elected as the heir,they expressed their sincere thoughts to Huo tactfully.Hence,they only received the slighter punishment after Liu’s political failure.Wang and Gong’s words and actions to Liu,as well as their political fate revealed the profound influence of Emperor Wu’s reverence for Confucianism on local kingdom politics,and the political and cultural character of the Huo during the reign of Emperor Zhaoxuan from a special perspective.