一种蜗杆传动多目标优化设计方法

A Multi-objective Optimization Design Method for Worm Transmission

蜗杆传动的传统设计方法主要是设计者借鉴已有的设计实例和经验,首先试选基本参数,再通过校核确定该参数是否满足使用要求。若不满足要求,则重新选择参数进行校核,若满足要求则作为最终的设计方案。由于不同设计者选择的参数一般不同,就会导致同一设计要求出现不同设计方案的现象,且方案一般不是最佳。多目标优化设计方法在排除传统设计方法人为主观因素的基础上,以与蜗杆制造成本和传动性能紧密相关的蜗轮齿冠体积、蜗杆传动中心距、滑动速度等目标为优化对象,建立优化目标函数,确定设计约束条件,利用有关软件优化工具箱寻找最优解进行优化。结果表明,多目标优化设计与常规设计相比,在传动效率小幅提升的前提下,多目标优化设计的蜗轮齿冠体积大幅下降65.42%,传动中心距缩小24.8%,优化设计效果显著,优化后机构综合性能更强。

The traditional design method of worm transmission mainly involves designers drawing on existing design examples and experience,first selecting the basic parameters,and then verifying whether these parameters meet the requirements for use.If the requirements are not met,the parameters will be re selected for verification.If the requirements are met,it will be used as the final design scheme.Due to the different parameters selected by different designers,there may be different design schemes for the same design requirement,and the scheme is generally not the best.On the basis of excluding subjective factors in traditional design methods,the multi-objective optimization design method takes the worm gear crown volume,worm transmission center distance,sliding speed and other objectives closely related to worm manufacturing cost and transmission performance as optimization objects,establishes an optimization objective function,determines design constraints,and uses relevant software optimization toolboxes to find the optimal solution for optimization.The results show that compared with conventional design,multi-objective optimization design significantly reduces the volume of worm gear crown by 65.42% and reduces the transmission center distance by 24.8%,while slightly improving the transmission efficiency.The optimization effect is significant,and the overall performance of the mechanism is stronger after optimization.