日本耕地非粮化问题的演变与治理策略

Evolution and Governance Strategies of Non-grainization of Cultivable Land in Japan

耕地非粮化治理对耕地保护、农民收益和国家粮食安全至关重要。日本的耕地非粮化治理经历了长期演变。其过程显示不同发展阶段的成因和环境差异直接决定了治理政策的内容。结构性矛盾引发的非粮化问题可通过农业保护措施解决,但过度保护会阻碍现代化。因此,日本曾引入竞争机制调整趋粮化和非粮化的发展趋势。但由于农业发展局限和市场导向,非粮化问题再次显现。为应对新阶段的挑战,需要从保障政策网络过程的循环能力、提高政府的统筹能力和增强环境客体的适应能力等方面出发,调整耕地非粮化治理的相关策略。

The governance of non-grainization of cultivable land is crucial for land protection,farmers'income,and national food security.Japan's governance of non-grainization of cultivable land has undergone a long evolution,demonstrating that the causes and environmental differences at different stages of development directly determine the content of governance policies.Non-grainization issues caused by structural contradictions could be addressed through agricultural protection measures,but excessive protection would hinder modernization.Therefore,Japan has introduced competitive mechanisms to adjust the trend of grainization and non-grainization.However,due to limitations in agricultural development and market orientation,non-grainization issues have resurfaced.To address the challenges of a new stage,adjustments to the relevant strategies of governance of non-grainization of cultivable land should focus on enhancing the cyclical capacity of policy network processes,improving the overall coordination capacity of the government,and strengthening the adaptive capacity of environmental objects.