叶黄素合成关键基因及小麦生物强化研究展望

Key Genes for Lutein Synthesis and Prospects for Research on Wheat Biofortification

全球超过22亿人具有视力障碍,人们的视力健康面临着新的威胁。叶黄素是构成视网膜的黄斑色素,能够滤过蓝光,增强免疫力,是最有效、最有潜力的维护视力的物质。中国北方的人们主要以面食为主,叶黄素小麦能够让人们在吃主食的同时摄入叶黄素,免去单独补充保健品的昂贵费用,而且生物强化也是解决人类微量元素短缺问题的重要手段,所以选育富含叶黄素的小麦品种和提高小麦中叶黄素的含量显得尤为重要。本综述回顾了叶黄素的发现、结构以及功能,综述了叶黄素的测定方法、合成关键酶和基因及叶黄素小麦的选育,探讨了小麦叶黄素生物强化存在的问题及发展趋势,为今后叶黄素小麦产业发展提供参考,助力农业高质量发展。

More than 2.2 billion people are disturbed by vision disorders in the world.People's health of vision is facing new threats.Lutein is the yellow pigment which is the main pigment of the retina,with the function of filtering blue light and improving immunity.It is the most effective and potential dietary supplement to protect vision.Human of the north mainly feed on wheat.Lutein wheat provide lutein when we eat it,so that human don't need additional expense on supplements.At the same time,bioaugmentation is also an important method to solve the problem of micronutrient deficiency.Therefore,it is very important to select lutein wheat varieties and improve the content of lutein in wheat.The author reviewed the discovery,structure and function of lutein,the methods of lutein detection,key enzymes and genes of lutein synthesis and the breeding of lutein wheat,in addition,discussed the problems and development trend of wheat lutein bioaugmentation.It provides reference for the development of lutein wheat industry in the future.It promotes the high-quality development of agriculture.