露天边坡体爆破振动特性研究

Characterization of Blasting Vibration in Open Slopes

针对洪山露天边坡体爆破振动响应问题,结合引入高程差H的二元回归爆破振动速度衰减模型,开展了实测爆破振速峰值(PPV)分析和爆破振速衰减规律预测,分析了露天边坡体爆破振动特性。结果表明:在振速峰值方面,自由面数量越多,PPV越小,其中,单自由面条件下的PPV远大于双自由面和三自由面条件下的PPV;|H|相同时,正高程条件下的PPV大于负高程下的PPV;露天边坡体存在明显的爆破振动高程放大效应,放大系数随|H|的增大先增大后减小,随水平爆源距的增大而减小。在振速衰减规律方面,高程差对切向方向的速度影响较大,高程效应明显;自由面数量越多,爆破振动速度衰减曲面越平缓;引入高程差的二元回归爆破振速衰减模型比传统一元萨氏回归模型更能有效预测爆破振速衰减规律,相对平均误差为12.3%~15.4%,其中单自由面矢量和的相对平均误差仅为9.5%。

To address the blasting vibration response of the open slope in Hongshan mountain,ombined with a binary regression blasting vibration velocity attenuation model with elevation H is introduced,an analysis of the measured peak blast vibration velocity(PPV)and the prediction of the blasting vibration velocity attenuation law were carried out,and the blasting vibration characteristics of the open slope was analyzed.The results show that the more the number of free-faces,the smaller the PPV.The PPV of single-free surface is much larger than that of double and triple free surfaces.When the elevation difference|H|is the same,the PPV of positive elevation is larger than that of negative elevation.There is obvious elevation amplification effect of blasting vibration in the open slope,and the amplification coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of|H|,and decreases with the increase of horizontal detonation center distances.In terms of vibration velocity attenuation law,|H|has a greater impact on the tangential direction of the velocity,the elevation effect is obvious.The more the number of free-surface,the smoother the blasting vibration velocity attenuation surface.The introduction of the elevation of H binary regression blasting velocity attenuation model is more effective than the traditional Sadowski formula regression model in predicting blasting vibration velocity attenuation law.The relative average errors are 12.3%~15.4%,of which the relative average error of the combined velocities of single-free surface is only 9.5%.