护士抑郁类别的潜在剖面分析及其影响因素

Latent profile analysis of depressive symptoms among clinical nurses and its influencing factors

目的 分析护士抑郁的潜在类别,探讨不同类别的影响因素,以期为临床护理人才管理提供参考。方法 采集河南省3所三级甲等医院1/3护士的一般资料,并应用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表进行调查,通过潜在剖面分析、单因素分析和多元Logistic回归探讨抑郁各潜在类别的影响因素。结果 共调查1 550名护士,通过潜在剖面分析将其分为低抑郁风险(52.2%)、抑郁情绪突出-不稳定(25.0%)、普遍抑郁(17.4%)和心境障碍-高抑郁(5.4%)4个潜在类别,4组间的性别、家庭关系、是否参加娱乐活动、焦虑、压力情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑、压力和是否参加娱乐活动可预测护士抑郁的潜在类别(P<0.05)。结论 护士的抑郁可分为4个潜在类别,与焦虑、压力和是否参加娱乐活动有关联。建议护理管理者根据不同类别实施针对性的个体化干预,以降低护士的抑郁水平。

Objective To explore the latent profile of depressive symptoms in clinical nurses and analyze the influencing factors of different categories,in order to provide references for the management of clinical nursing personnel.Methods General information of one-third of the nurses from three tertiary grade A hospitals in Henan Province was collected,and a survey was conducted using the depression-anxiety-stress scale.Through latent profile analysis,univariate analysis,and multivariate Logistic regression,this study investigated the influencing factors of different potential categories of depression among nurses.Results A total of 1550 nurses were surveyed,and through latent profile analysis,they were classified into four latent categories of depression risk:low depression risk(52.2%),depression-emotionally unstable(25.0%),general depression(17.4%),and mood disorder-high depression(5.4%).Statistical significance was found in the gender,family relationships,participation in recreational activities,and levels of anxiety and stress among the four groups(P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis indicated that anxiety,stress,and participation in recreational activities could predict the potential categories of depression among nurses(P<0.05).Conclusions Clinical nurses'depression symptoms can be divided into 4 potential categories,which are associated with anxiety,stress,and participation in recreational activities.It is recommended that nursing managers implement targeted and personalized interventions based on different categories to reduce the level of depression among nurses.