科学数据共享利用的知识产权保护机制研究

Research on Intellectual Property Protection Mechanism of Scientific Data Sharing and Utilization

知识产权保护机制是科学数据共享利用目标实现的关键,厘清科学数据共享利用的知识产权保护机制,对于促进科学数据共享利用有序发展具有重要意义。本文以科学数据的知识产权属性及其权利归属为突破点,分析如何在明晰科学数据权属的前提下,利用知识产权共享许可协议规范数据发布者和使用者的权利义务,助推各类科学数据充分共享并保障数据安全。我国应对不同类型的科学数据分别采用差异化共享协议,从而更好平衡数据发布者与社会公共利益。同时,为了真正实现科学数据共享的意义及数据价值最大化,促进科学数据共享后再利用,我国应借鉴美欧等国的立法经验,将文本与数据挖掘纳入著作权合理使用情形。

Intellectual property protection mechanism is the key to realizing the goal of scientific data sharing and utilization.Clarifying the intellectual property protection mechanism of scientific data sharing and utilization is of great significance to promoting the orderly development of scientific data sharing and utilization.Taking the intellectual property attribute of scientific data and its ownership as a breakthrough point,this paper analyzes how to use intellectual property sharing license agreements to regulate the rights and obligations of data publishers and users on the premise of clarifying scientific data ownership,and to promote the full sharing of various scientific data and ensure data security.China should adopt differentiated sharing agreements for different types of scientific data,so as to better balance the interests of data publishers and the public.At the same time,in order to truly realize the significance of data sharing,maximize the value of data,and promote the reuse of scientific data after sharing,China should learn from the legislative experience of the United States and Europe and incorporate text and data mining into the fair use of copyright.