社会生态系统视域下当代大学生就业心态的质性研究

Qualitative study on the employment mentality of contemporary college students from the perspective of social ecosystem

大学生就业本质上是一个社会生态系统问题。从社会生态系统视角看,无论是经济、政治、社会、网络文化等宏观环境,还是受宏观环境影响的家庭、学校、政府等中观环境,都会直接或间接影响到大学生的就业心态,并最终决定其就业行为。在与50名大学生的深度访谈中,发现当代大学生的就业心态呈现出求稳、易焦虑迷茫、追寻内在价值、求职韧性不足等特征。因此,解决大学生就业难问题要多维发力:大学生要端正态度认识自我、积极投身于社会实践,父母要在家庭教育中聚焦责任教育,高校要以“就业育人”为指向完善就业教育体系,政府则要做好大学生就业服务,从而构建大学生就业社会生态体系,解决大学生就业难题。

In view of the fact that the employment of college students is deeply rooted in the social system environment,in essence,the employment of college students is a problem of the social ecological system.From the perspective of social ecological system,whether it is the macro environment such as economy,politics,society and network culture,or the meso environment such as family,school and government affected by the macro environment,it will directly or indirectly affect the employment mentality of college students and become a factor affecting their final employment behavior.From in-depth interviews with 50 college students,it is found that the employment mentality of contemporary college students presents the characteristics of pursuing stability,easily feeling anxious and confused,pursuing intrinsic value,and lacking resilience in job hunting.Based on this,to solve the employment problem of college students,we should start from multiple dimensions.It is suggested that college students should correct their self-cognition and actively participate in social practice.Parents need to focus on responsibility education in family education.Colleges and universities need to improve the employment education system with the direction of“educating people to meet employment requirements”.The government needs to improve the employment service for college students,so as to build a global social ecological system for college students’employment education and solve the employment problem of college students.