我国数字产业化发展水平的统计测算及时空演化特征

Statistical Calculation of the Development Level of Digital Industrialization in China and Research on Its Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics

大力发展数字经济、加快推动数字产业发展是促进经济增长的重要引擎。本文基于数字产业化的内涵和分类,围绕数字产品制造业、数字产品服务业、数字技术应用业、数字要素驱动业4个数字产业和数字产业规模、就业人数、企业数量3个核心维度,构建了基托指标体系,并运用优劣解距离-熵权法测算出我国省际数字产业化发展水平。研究发现,2013—2021年我国数字产业化发展水平呈现指数型增长趋势。我国省际、四大地区、八大综合经济区和六大经济带之间具有显著的异质性,存在天然的数字鸿沟。空间上,四大地区的数字产业化发展水平显著提升,呈现东部引领、中部提升、西部追赶、东北振兴的空间格局,也表现出“沿海-内陆”依次递减的两极化形态。我国数字产业化发展水平正在朝向更不均衡的方向演变,无明显收敛迹象,并且区域间差异始终为区域差异的主要来源。从空间发展特征来看,我国省际数字产业化发展水平正在从低水平、中低水平向中高水平、高水平发展演变,且存在“高-高”或“低-低”组合的正相关空间集聚特征及“俱乐部收敛”特征。要从顶层设计视角制定支持数字产业高质量发展政策,积极推进数字产业化,加速提升关键核心技术的自主创新能力;要优先在东部地区打造数字技术和数字产业云集的先进生产力园区,为数字产业发展提供广阔的空间、市场和服务支持。

Vigorously developing the digital economy and accelerating the development of the digital industry are important engines for promoting economic growth.Based on the connotation and classification of digital industrialization,the author builds a base index system around four digital industries(i.e.,the manufacturing industry of digital products,the service industry of digital products the application industry of digital technology,and the driving industry of digital elements)and three core dimensions(i.e.,the scale,number of employment,and number of enterprises of the digital industry),and uses the distanceentropy weight method to measure the development level of China's inter-provincial digital industrialization.It is found that China's digital industrialization development level showed an exponential growth trend from 2013 to 2021.There is significant heterogeneity among China's provinces,four major regions,eight comprehensive economic zones and six major economic belts,and there is a natural digital divide.Spatially,the development level of digital industrialization in the four major regions has been improved significantly,showing a spatial pattern of the east leading,the central improving,the west catching up,and the northeast revitalizing;and it also shows a polarized pattern of"coastal to inland"decreasing in sequence.The development level of China's digital industrialization is evolving in a more uneven direction,with no obvious signs of convergence,and interregional differences have always been the main source of regional differences.From the perspective of spatial development characteristics,the development level of China's inter-provincial digital industrialization is evolving from low level,medium and low level to medium and high level,and there is a positive correlation space for"high-high"or"low-low"combinations agglomeration characteristics and"club convergence"characteristics.It is suggested that China should,from the perspective of top design,formulate policies to support the high-quality development of the digital industry,actively promote digital industrialization,and accelerate the improvement of independent innovation capabilities in key core technologies;and China should also give priority to building advanced productivity parks with digital technologies and digital industries in the eastern region to provide digital industrial development with broad space,market,and service.