基于主成分分析法的客车转矩权重系数评价

Weight Coefficient Evaluation for Bus Torque Based on Principal Component Analysis

针对复杂的行驶工况下客车转矩分配需要优先满足的性能目标不相同,仅考虑单一性能目标难以实现整体性能最大化问题,基于金龙客车6601样车数据,将客车多目标函数线性加权后转换为综合效用函数;采用主成分分析法,计算高速、直行、高附,高速、转弯、高附,以及低速、直行、高附等不同工况下多目标客车转矩权重系数进而给出综合评价。研究表明,在低速、直行、高附着系数工况下,第一主成分为滑移率的综合成分,第二主成分是车速、前轮转向和滑移率的协调成分;在高速、直行和高附着系数工况下,第一主成分不仅反映车速和前轮转向的工况,同时还反映滑移率的工况,而第二主成分是前轮转向的主要成分;高速、转弯、高附着系数情况下,第一主成分是滑移率和车速的综合成分,第二主成分是前轮转向的主要成分。

To address the issue that the different performance objectives required for the distribution of torque in buses under complex driving conditions cannot be all achieved to maximize the overall performance by considering only a single performance objective,a multi-objective weighted coefficient comprehensive evaluation method is adopted.In this method,the multi-objective function of the bus is linearly weighted and converted into a comprehensive utility function using data of the sample King Long Bus 6601.The principal component analysis is then applied to calculate the multi-objective weight coefficients of torque distribution for comprehensive evaluation at different driving conditions:high-speed,straight and high adhesion as one,highspeed,turning and high adhesion as another,and low-speed,straight and high adhesion as a third.The conclusions are as follows:Under the condition of low-speed,straight,and high adhesion coefficient,the first principal component is the comprehensive component of the slip rate,and the second principal component is the coordinated component of the vehicle speed,front wheel steering,and the slip rate and slip rate.Under the condition of high-speed,straight,and high adhesion coefficient,the first principal component reflects not only the vehicle speed and front wheel steering conditions,but also the slip rate conditions,while the second principal component is the main component of the front wheel steering.In the case of high-speed,turning,and high adhesion coefficient,the first principal component is the comprehensive component of the slip rate and vehicle speed,and the second principal component is the main component of the front wheel steering.