何谓“公民复兴运动中的最后一幕”?——论波考克的公民共和主义与美国政治秩序的关系

What is "the Last Act of the Civic Renaissance"?—On the Relationship of Pocock's Civil Republicanism and American Political Order

本文讨论了波考克在《马基雅维利时刻》中对美国革命的看法及其与公民共和主义的关系。结合阐释这一概念所需的思想史框架,指出波考克将美国革命称为“公民复兴运动的最后一幕”的原因;并且,通过对比波考克和戈登·伍德的美国革命解释,文章呈现了波考克意义上的共和主义如何落实为一套秩序形式,以及这种秩序与美国的关系。以此为基础,文章对波考克的写作“语境”进行了反思,提示在生存论的意义上理解“共和”概念,从不断生成社会运动的角度判断政治秩序的成立,可能是波考克构建思想史和判断具体问题的条件。

The article discusses Pocock's view of the American Revolution in The Machiavellian Moment and its relationship to civic republicanism.The article identifies the reasons why Pocock refers to the American Revolution as “the last act of the civic Renaissance”;and,by comparing Pocock's and Gordon Wood's interpretations of the American Revolution,the article presents the ways in which republicanism realizes as a set of forms of order and how this order relates to the United States.On this basis,the article reflects on the “context” of Pocock's writing,suggesting that an existential understanding of the concept of “republicanism” may be the conditions to understand Pocock's history of ideas and his judgements of real political problems.