中国数字人才空间分布与流动格局——基于京津冀、长三角和粤港澳地区的分析

Spatial distribution and flow pattern of digital talents in China based on analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area,the Yangtze River Delta Area,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

人才是数字经济发展的核心驱动力。通过梳理人工智能、物联网、云计算和区块链领域的关键核心技术,基于领英(LinkedIn)大数据洞察平台,获取京津冀、长三角和粤港澳地区的数字人才静态区位(2022年)和动态迁移(2021—2022年)数据,比较分析中国三大城市群数字人才分布与流动格局。结果表明:(1)数字人才高度集中在核心城市,但在能级上与顶尖全球城市还有较大差距;(2)粤港澳和长三角地区数字人才发展的协调水平高于京津冀地区,并形成了港–深、沪–苏两大高地;(3)数字人才在中国呈现环流格局,但全球尺度上是非“零和博弈”,表现出以香港地区为枢纽向海外转移的趋势;(4)三大城市群中不存在净流入型活跃城市,因而都面临严峻的数字人才流失风险。最后,从全球、区域和地方角度提出政策建议。

Talent is the core driving force behind the development of digital economy.By analyzing the key and core technologies in the fields of artificial intelligence,Internet of Things,cloud computing,and blockchain industries,and utilizing the LinkedIn Big Data Insight Platform,we obtained static location(2022)and dynamic migration(2021—2022)data on digital talents engaged in digital technology development and related management work in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area during the COVID-19 pandemic.A comparative analysis of the distribution and flow patterns of digital talent in the three major urban clusters in China reveals the following results:1)Chinese digital talents are highly concentrated in major cities such as Beijing,Shanghai,Hong Kong,and Shenzhen,but there is still a significant gap in terms of talent levels compared to top global cities;2)The coordination level of digital talents development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yangtze River Delta region is higher than that in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and have led to the formation of prominent digital talent hubs in Hong Kong-Shenzhen and Shanghai-Suzhou;3)Domestically,digital talent demonstrates a circular flow pattern,but on a global scale,it’s a non-zero-sum game,showing a trend of outward migration facilitated by Hong Kong acting as a pivot;4)Based on the direction and activity level of digital talent flow,there are no net inflow active cities among the three major urban clusters,indicating severe risks of digital talent loss for all regions.Suzhou,Hangzhou,and Shenzhen are balanced type active cities,while Beijing,Shanghai,Nanjing,and Hong Kong are net outflow active cities,and Tianjin,Hefei,and Guangzhou are inactive cities.Finally,policy recommendations are proposed from global,regional,and local perspectives.