紫苏叶提取物对小鼠止咳祛痰作用研究

Study on the Antitussive and Expectorant Effects of Perilla Frutescens Leaves Extracts in Mice

目的探究水提和乙醇提两种不同方法制备的紫苏叶提取物对小鼠止咳祛痰的作用。方法分别采用水和50%乙醇作为溶剂制备紫苏叶提取物。比较各种紫苏叶提取物中总酚、总黄酮、总三萜和总多糖含量的差异;采用浓氨水引咳法和气管酚红排泌量法,观察紫苏叶提取物对小鼠咳嗽潜伏期、咳嗽次数以及气管酚红排泄量。结果紫苏叶50%乙醇提取物中总酚、总黄酮、总三萜含量显著高于水提取物(P<0.01),紫苏叶水提取物中总多糖含量显著高于50%乙醇提取物(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,紫苏叶水提取物可以明显延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期并显著减少浓氨水引起的咳嗽次数(P<0.01);紫苏叶50%乙醇提取物对小鼠咳嗽潜伏期无显著影响(P>0.05),但可以显著减少小鼠咳嗽次数(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,紫苏叶水提取物可以显著增加气管酚红排泌量(P<0.01);而紫苏叶50%乙醇提取物的酚红排泌量无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论不同溶剂所制备的紫苏叶提取物成分不同。紫苏叶水提取物中多糖成分含量较高,同时具备较好的止咳和祛痰效果;紫苏叶醇提取物成分以酚、黄酮、三萜类化合物为主,具有较好的止咳效果。

Objective Investigate the efficacy of Perilla frutescens leaves extracts prepared by aqueous extraction and ethanol extraction methods on antitussive and expectorant effects in mice.Methods P.frutescens leaves extracts were prepared using water and 50% ethanol as solvents.The differences in total phenols,total flavonoids,total triterpenes,and total polysaccharides contents among the various P.frutescens leaves extracts were compared.In addition,the antitussive effects of the P.frutescens leaves extracts were evaluated using the concentrated ammonia-induced cough test and the guaifenesin-induced tracheal phenol red secretion method in mice.The parameters observed included the cough latency,cough frequency,and tracheal phenol red secretion.Results The content of total phenols,total flavonoids,and total triterpenes in the 50% ethanol extract of P.frutescens leaves were significantly higher than that in the water extract(P<0.01).However,the content of total polysaccharides in the water extract of P.frutescens leaves were significantly higher than that in the 50% ethanol extract(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,the water extract of P.frutescens leaves significantly prolonged the cough latency in mice and significantly reduced the number of coughs induced by concentrated ammonia(P<0.01).The cough latency of mice treated with the 50% ethanol extract of P.frutescens leaves showed no significant difference(P>0.05),but the extract significantly decreased the number of coughs(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the water extract of P.frutescens leaves significantly increased the tracheal phenol red secretion(P<0.01),while the 50% ethanol extract showed no significant difference in phenol red secretion(P>0.05).Conclusion The composition of P.frutescens leaves extracts varies depending on the solvent used.The water extract of P.frutes⁃cens leaves is characterized by a higher content of polysaccharides,which exhibit excellent antitussive and expectorant effects.Conversely,the ethanol extract of P.frutescens leaves is mainly composed of phenols,flavonoids,and triterpenes,and possesses notable antitussive effects.