气管切开患者拔管评估研究进展

Research Progress on Extubation Evaluation in Patients with Tracheostomy

气管切开是目前针对危重症急救患者保持气道通畅、防止误吸及呼吸衰竭、抢救生命的常用措施之一。从塑料套管到金属套管,再到堵管和拔管这一系列操作过程对患者的康复及预后至关重要。目前临床上在气管切开患者拔管的评估上尚未形成统一或标准化的评价量表。本文通过查阅相关文献,从6个主要评估方面进行综述,以期为气切患者临床拔管评估及相关评价量表的制定提供参考。

Tracheostomy is currently one of the commonly used measures for critically ill emergency patients to maintain airway patency,prevent aspiration and respiratory failure,and save lives.The series of procedures,from plastic cannula to metal cannula,and then to plugging and removing the cannula,are crucial for the rehabilitation and prognosis of patients.At present,there is no unified or standardized evaluation scale for extubation in tracheostomy patients in clinical practice.This article reviews six main evaluation aspects by consulting relevant literature,in order to provide reference for the clinical extubation evaluation of tracheostomy patients and the development of related evaluation scales.