CALM系统漂浮软管动力响应数值模拟及优化

Numerical simulation and optimization for dynamic responses of floating hoses in CALM system

[目的]漂浮软管是海上输送原油的关键设备,其运行的可靠性及安全性对原油外输的效率影响非常大。由于海洋环境、作业船舶及软管自身长度等因素的影响,外输软管会出现不同的水动力响应,增大原油输送中的风险。[方法]采用数值模拟方法,对悬链浮筒式系统(Catenary AnchorLeg Mooring,CALM)系统外输漂浮软管进行动力响应分析及优化设计研究,以单点系泊系统中漂浮软管为研究对象,利用OrcaFlex软件建立穿梭油轮-漂浮软管-浮筒的耦合响应模型,对漂浮软管总长、浮筒与穿梭油轮的间距、艏管连接角度、艉管连接角度等影响软管动力响应的因素进行分析,考虑最小化软管的有效张力及曲率,优化软管设计变量。[结果]随着软管总长的增加及浮筒与穿梭油轮的间距缩小,漂浮软管的最大有效张力先减小后增加,而弯矩及曲率一直增加;随着艏管连接角度增大,最大有效张力先减小后增大,而随着艉管连接角度增大,最大有效张力先减小后增大再减小,弯矩及曲率变化趋势各有不同。选择合适的软管总长、浮筒与穿梭油轮的间距、艏艉管连接角度对外输软管动力响应优化十分重要。随后采用遗传算法对漂浮软管构型进行优化,以最小化软管的有效张力及曲率为目标进行多目标优化设计,得出软管动力响应最优配置方案。[结论]研究结果可为外输软管的整体设计与构型优化提供工程指导。(图10,表5,参20)

[Objective]Floating hoses constitute a key component in offshore crude oil transmission.Their operational reliability and safety significantly affect the efficiency of crude oil pipelines.However,due to the influence of marine environments,operating vessels,and hose lengths,these hoses experience varying degrees of hydrodynamic responses,thereby increasing the risks associated with crude oil transportation.[Methods]This study focused on analyzing the dynamic responses of floating hoses within Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring(CALM)systems and optimizing their design using numerical simulation methods.A shuttle tanker-floating hose-buoy coupling response model was established utilizing OrcaFlex software.This model specifically targeted floating hoses in single buoy mooring systems to analyze key factors influencing their dynamic responses,including hose lengths,distances between buoys and shuttle tankers,as well as connection angles of bow and stern tubes.The outcomes were utilized to optimize design variables for connected hoses,by minimizing effective tension and curvature.[Results]By lengthening the connected hoses and reducing the distance between the buoy and shuttle tanker,the maximum effective tension of the floating hoses initially decreased but increased later,whereas the bending moment and curvature rose consistently.An increase in the bow tube connection angle led to a subsequent rise in maximum effective tension following an initial decrease,while increases in the stern tube connection angle resulted in a U-shaped curve for maximum effective tension,demonstrating initial declines,subsequent rises,and final decreases.Correspondingly,bending moment and curvature exhibited diverse trends of changes.These results indicate the significance of selecting appropriate hose lengths,buoy-to-tanker distances,and bow/stern tube connection angles to optimize the dynamic responses of transmission hoses.Subsequently,the genetic algorithm was leveraged to facilitate the optimization of floating hose configurations,leading to a multi-objective optimized design aimed at minimizing effective tension and curvature.This optimization process ultimately delivered an optimal solution for resolving dynamic response challenges in hoses.[Conclusion]The research findings may serve as engineering guidance for the overall design and configuration optimization of transmission hoses.(10 Figures,5 Tables,20 References)