腰椎黄韧带形态及其与周围结构的解剖学关系

Morphology of lumbar vertebra ligamentum flavum and its anatomical relationship with surrounding structures

目的开展腰椎黄韧带形态及其与周围结构的解剖学关系研究。方法观察1具层厚0.2 cm的连续腰椎横断层、3具层厚1.0 cm的腰椎横断层和1具层厚2.0 cm的腰椎矢状断层标本中的黄韧带。解剖10具人体标本(男性4具,女性6具)的腰椎椎管后壁,观察腰椎黄韧带形态及其与周围结构的关系。结果15具标本均表现为腰椎黄韧带外侧端覆盖椎间孔后壁的全部,其上缘前方与脊神经相毗邻;椎管后壁外侧半黄韧带覆盖关节突关节囊,内侧半黄韧带附着于相邻椎板,其上缘附着于上位椎弓板中部,下缘附着于下位椎弓板上缘;6具(40%)标本的腰椎黄韧带与关节突关节囊、上位椎弓板、棘间韧带之间见疏松结缔组织或间隙。结论黄韧带与椎间孔前后径关系密切,黄韧带后方的硬膜后间隙使两侧关节突关节腔存在潜在连通可能。

Objective To investigate the morphology of lumbar vertebra ligamentum flavum and its anatomical relationship with surrounding structures.Methods The ligamentum vertebra ligamentum flavum in one continuous lumbar transverse section specimen with a thickness of 0.2 cm,three lumbar transverse sections with a thickness of 1.0 cm and one lumbar sagittal section specimen with a thickness of 2.0 cm were observed for the study.The posterior wall of the lumbar spinal canal was dissected on 10 human specimens(4 males and 6 females)to observe the morphology of lumbar vertebra ligamentum flavum and its relationship with surrounding structures.Results All 15 specimens(100%)showed that the lateral end of the lumbar vertebra ligamentum flavum covered all of the posterior wall of the intervertebral foramen,and its superior edge anterior was adjacent to the spinal nerve.The lateral ligamentum flavum of the posterior wall of the spinal canal covered the capsulae articularis,and the medial ligamenta flavum was attached to the adjacent laminae.The upper margin was attached to the middle part of the upper vertebral arch plate,and the lower margin was attached to the upper margin of the lower vertebral arch plate.Loose connective tissue or gaps could be observed between the lumbar vertebra ligamentum flavum and the articular process capsule,upper vertebral arch plate and interspinous ligament in 6 specimens(40%).Conclusion The ligamentum flavum is closely related to the anteroposterior diameter of the foramen intervertebrale.The retrodural space behind the ligamentum flavum may provides potential connection between the bilateral facet joints.