医务人员生活满意度及影响因素研究

Studies on Current Status and Influencing Factors on Life Satisfaction of Medical Staffs

目的:了解医务人员生活满意度现状,探讨其相关影响因素.方法:于2020年11月—12月,采用一般信息调查问卷、生活满意度、心理资本、压力困扰和特质应对方式量表对北京市西城区5291名医务人员进行调查,分析其生活满意度的相关影响因素.结果:医务人员生活满意度平均得分(20.18±6.30)处于中等水平;不同性别、年龄、婚姻、职称、职务、工作年限、工作岗位、人员类别、医院等级、工资性收入、赡养老人与抚养子女数量、倒夜班群体的生活满意度总分的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);多元线性回归结果分析显示,医务人员性别、年龄、婚姻、职称、职务、工作年限、医院等级、工资性收入、抚养子女数量、心理资本和积极应对方式与生活满意度显著正相关(P<0.01);工作岗位、人员类别、医院等级、倒夜班、压力困扰和消极应对方式与生活满意度呈显著负相关(P<0.01).结论:医务人员生活满意度状况不容乐观,应采取有效措施减轻医务人员压力,提升心理资本,提高生活满意度.

Objective The present thesis aimed to investigate and analyze the current status of medical staffs and the influencing factors.Methods From November to December in 2020,the life satisfaction scales,psychological capital scales,stress distress scales,and trait coping styles scales,respectively,by using questionnaires which consisted with general information questionnaire,a total of 5291 medical staffs were assessed from some urban areas of Beijing.Results The average score of life satisfaction was 20.18±6.30 among medical staffs,which was at a relatively middle level.There was a statistically significant difference in the total score of life satisfaction among the different genders,ages,marriages,professional titles,positions,years of service,job positions,personnel types,hospital grades,wage income,number of elderly caregivers and children,and night shift groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that genders,ages,marriage,professional titles,positions,lengths of service,hospital levels,wage incomes,numbers of children raised,psychological capital,and positive coping styles of medical personnel were significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction(P<0.01).There was a significant negative correlation between job position,personnel category,hospital level,night shift,stress and negative coping styles and life satisfaction(P<0.01).Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the current status of life satisfaction among medical staff was not ideal,and the effective measures should be taken so as to reduce the pressure on medical staffs,enhance psychological capital,and improve life satisfaction.