八角莽草酸含量影响因素研究进展

Research Progress on Influencing Factors of Shikimic Acid Content in Illicium verum Hook.f.

八角是广西南部的特色植物,其果实具有独特的香气,是我国及东南亚地区常用烹饪的调味品之一,同时也是药用、化工等方面的重要原料。八角果实含有大量的莽草酸,其枝条、叶片上也有少量莽草酸分布。莽草酸是植物和微生物的重要代谢产物,具有抗炎、镇痛的作用,可作为抗病毒和抗癌药物的中间体,也是治疗当前流行的甲型流感特效药“磷酸奥司他韦”的主要成分。随着科学技术进步,八角莽草酸的研究已经取得了一定的进展,尤其是在提取技术、分离工艺、生理活性及其应用等方面。文章综述了八角莽草酸含量影响因素研究情况,总结了影响八角莽草酸含量的因素。影响八角莽草酸含量的因素可分为内部因素和外部因素2种,其中外部因素主要有不同的生境、不同产地、不同采收期等,内部因素主要有生长发育过程、遗传因素等,同时不同的提取工艺提取到的莽草酸含量也不同。最后,对后期的研究方向提出展望,以期为相关领域的深入研究提供参考。

Illicium verum Hook.f.is a characteristic plant in southern Guangxi.Its fruit has a unique aroma.It is one of the condiments commonly used in cooking in China and Southeast Asia.It is also a vital raw material for the medical and chemical industries.Its fruit contains a large amount of shikimic acid,and its branches and leaves also have a small distribution.It is a crucial metabolite of plants and microorganisms.Mangiferolic acid is a vital metabolite of plants and microorganisms that has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and can be used as an intermediate in antiviral and anticancer drugs,as well as the main ingredient in“Oseltamivir Phosphate”a potent drug for the treatment of the current influenza A epidemic.With the progress of science and technology,research on shikimic acid has made some progress,especially in terms of its extraction technology,separation process,physiological activity,and application.This article reviews the research on the content of shikimic acid and summarizes the factors affecting the content of shikimic acid.The factors affecting shikimic acid content in I.verum can be divided into internal and external factors.The external factors mainly included different habitats,various producing areas,and different harvesting periods.The internal factors primarily included growth and development processes and genetic factors,and the content of shikimic acid extracted by different extraction processes is also different.Finally,future research directions are proposed to provide a reference for further research in related fields.