数据流通风险的识别与全流程治理路径

Identification of Data Circulation Risks and Full Process Governance Paths

数据的流通是数据生命周期中的重要环节。数据流通在为数字经济保驾护航的同时引发了三重风险:一是数据流通前不当获取数据资源风险;二是数据流通中违法传播数据行为风险;三是数据流通后失范利用数据内容风险。在规制数据流通风险时既要实现对数据流通安全的周延保护,又要促进数据有序共享。为此,应采用全流程治理策略:制定数据流通的事前合规计划,有效预防流通风险;提升数据流通的事中监管实效,实现数据安全保护与数字化发展的有效平衡;构建数据流通的事后惩治机制,在民事责任、行政责任规制无法达到预期效果时由刑事责任进行补位性规制。

The flow of data is an important link in the data life cycle.The circulation of data not only safeguards the digital economy,but also raises three risks:first,the risk of improper access to data resources before data circulation;second,the risk of illegal dissemination of data in data circulation;third,the risk of improper use of data content after data circulation.When regulating data circulation risks,it is necessary to achieve comprehensive protection of data circulation security while promoting orderly data sharing.Therefore,a full-process governance strategy should be adopted:develop a pre compliance plan for data circulation to effectively prevent circulation risks;enhance the effectiveness of in-process supervision of data circulation,and achieve an effective balance between data security protection and digital development;construct a post punishment mechanism for data circulation,and when civil and administrative liability regulations fail to achieve the expected results,criminal liability will be used for supplementary regulation.