数字经济与我国畜牧业高质量发展:理论阐释和实证检验

Digital economy and Chinese animal husbandry high quality development:Theoretical interpretation and Empirical Test

畜牧业是关乎国民膳食营养健康的支柱性产业,也是数字经济同实体经济深度融合的重要部门。在智慧畜牧业方兴未艾的背景下,亟需探索数字经济和畜牧业的结合形式及赋能成效。基于2013-2021年中国省级面板数据,采用面板固定效应模型、中介效应模型、面板门槛模型和空间杜宾模型实证检验数字经济对畜牧业高质量发展的影响及其作用机制。研究表明:数字经济显著促进了畜牧业高质量发展,这一结论在多种稳健性检验后依然成立;机制研究表明,促进技术进步是数字经济赋能畜牧业高质量发展的重要渠道;面板门槛效应和空间溢出效应分析发现,数字经济对畜牧业高质量发展的积极影响表现出“边际效应”非线性递增以及空间溢出的特点;区域异质性分析显示,东部地区的数字经济已明显释放高质量发展红利,而中西部地区的赋能作用尚不显著。因此,要加快推动乡村地区和涉农领域的数字基础设施建设,积极利用畜禽养殖大数据平台等形式实现数字经济和畜牧业的融合发展,因地制宜做好智慧畜牧业长期规划,充分发挥数字经济在推动畜牧业转型升级和高质量发展中的作用。

Animal husbandry is a pillar industry related to national dietary nutrition and health,and also an important sector for the deep integration of digital economy and real economy.In the context of the rising of smart animal husbandry,it is urgent to explore the combination of digital economy and animal husbandry and enabling effects.Based on the provin⁃cial panel data of China from 2013 to 2021,this paper empirically tested the impact of digital economy on the high-quality development of animal husbandry and its mechanism by using the panel fixed effect model,the intermediary effect model,the panel threshold model and the spatial Durbin model.The results showed that:Digital economy significantly promoted the high-quality development of animal husbandry,and this conclusion was still valid after multiple robustness tests.Mecha⁃nism studies show that promoting technological progress is an important channel for digital economy to enable high-quality development of animal husbandry.The panel threshold effect and spatial spillover effect analysis found that the positive im⁃pact of digital economy on the high-quality development of animal husbandry showed the characteristics of nonlinear in⁃crease of“marginal effect”and spatial spillover.Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital economy in the east⁃ern region has obviously released high-quality development dividends,while the enabling effect of the central and western regions is not significant.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure in rural areas and agriculture-related fields,actively use big data platforms for livestock and poultry breeding to realize the integrated develop⁃ment of digital economy and animal husbandry,make long-term plans for smart animal husbandry according to local condi⁃tions,and give full play to the role of digital economy in promoting the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry and high-quality development.