汉墓出土龙形车马饰发微

Interpretation of Dragon-shaped Charito and Horse Decorations from Han Tombs

西汉诸侯王、列侯墓随葬车马器之中出土一定数量与龙有关的饰件与纹饰,其存在形式与在车马器中的位置不同所展现的思想内涵有所差别,尤其是龙首辀饰应是显示威仪,进一步展示墓主社会身份等级内容。两汉时期墓内车马随葬与车马出行仪仗皆带有等级特征,但两者内涵完全不同,综合反映出两汉时期车马在丧葬中的作用与变化。

Remarkable amounts of dragon shaped chariot and horse ornaments have been found in tombs of Kings and liehou during the Western Han period.It is noteworthy that the symbolic and ritual meanings might be different according to the variations of their types and in situ context.In particular,the dragon-head thill-pole decorations may have presented a prestige and prominent social status of the occupants.During the Han periods,both buried chariots and scene of chariot and horse parade denoted hierarchical symbols,but the specific contents would be different.These two aspects reflect the function and changes of the chariots and horses in the funeral ritual during the Han periods.