论诉讼时效协议的效力——从对“三目的说”的重构出发

On Effectiveness of Statute of Limitations Agreement— Starting from the Reconstruction of the Three-purpose Theory

论述诉讼时效制度价值的“三目的说”侧重公益性,并由此认为诉讼时效期间具有强制性的特征。新近批判则揭示出该制度中公益价值的衰微与私益价值的兴起,诉讼时效协议是否无效值得商榷。但现有研究集中于对公益价值进行整体剥离,这也是一种矫枉过正的观点。诉讼时效制度的价值应是多元化的,应将讨论重心转向公益价值与强制性的关系上来。具体规则设计上,应对时效期间进行有限放宽,保持中止中断事由的法定性。

The“Three Purpose Theory”that discusses the value of the statute of limitations system focuses on the public interest,and therefore believes that the statute of limitations period has the characteristics of compulsion.Recent criticism reveals the decline of public interest value and the rise of private interest value in this system,and it is debatable whether the statute of limitations agreement is invalid.However,existing research focuses on the overall stripping of public welfare value,which is also an overkill.The value of the statute of limitations system should be diversified,and the focus of discussion should be shifted to the relationship between public welfare value and coercion.In terms of specific rule design,the limitation period should be relaxed to a limited extent,and the legality of the reasons for suspension and interruption should be maintained.