1560例健康体检人员骨质疏松患病率及影响因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis in 1560 health examination personnel

目的 评估宁夏银川市金凤区部分居民的骨质疏松、骨量减少情况,对骨质疏松的发病风险因素进行分析。方法 随机抽取常住金凤区居民1 560人。所有调查对象均进行问卷调查、体格检查、骨密度测定等,将所有体检人群按照年龄、性别、身体质量指数(BMI)、受教育程度、平均日照时间长度等进行分层分析,再将骨密度(BMD)及T值与年龄、性别、BMI、血尿酸(SUA)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)等进行相关性分析。结果 骨量正常占44.17%,骨量减少占10.96%,骨质疏松占44.87%。男性人群中30岁及以上骨质疏松发病率为44.60%,40岁及以上为51.38%,50岁及以上为59.29%,60岁及以上为71.65%,70岁及以上为78.09%;女性人群中,40岁以上出现骨质疏松发病率为58.62%,50岁及以上为74.47%,60岁及以上为80.74%,70岁及以上为81.41%。将BMD、T值与其他数据做Pearson相关性分析,提示BMD及T值的降低与年龄的增长、BMI的增加、FPG的增高、SUA的增高、eGFR的降低有明确相关性(P<0.05);校正BMI、年龄之后,BMD及T值与FPG、SUA、eGFR的上述相关性仍然存在(P<0.05)。结论 年龄越大、受教育程度越低、日照时间越少、肥胖或消瘦均会损害骨骼健康,超重有利于骨密度的保持;高血糖的情况越重、高尿酸的情况越差、eGFR水平越差越容易损害骨量。

Objective To evaluate the osteoporosis and osteopenia of some residents in Jinfeng District,Yinchuan City,and analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis for osteoporosis.Methods 1560 permanent residents in Jinfeng District were randomly selected.All the subjects were investigated by questionnaire,physical examination and bone mineral density measurement.All physical examination subjects were stratified analyzed according to age,gender,body mass index(BMI),education level,average length of sunshine.Bone density(BMD)and T-value were then correlated with age,gender,BMI,blood uric acid(SUA)and glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was analyzed.Results Normal bone mass accounted for 44.17%,decreased bone mass accounted for 10.96%,and osteoporosis accounted for 44.87%.In the male population,the incidence of osteoporosis is 44.60%at the age of 30 and above,51.38%at the age of 40 and above,59.29%at the age of 50 and above,71.65%at the age of 60 and above,and 78.09%at the age of 70 and above.Among the female physical examination population,there was no osteoporosis in the population aged 20~39,but osteoporosis occurs in the population aged over 40,with the incidence rates of 58.62%(40 years and above),74.47%(50 years and above),80.74%(60 years and above)and 81.41%(70 years and above).Pearson correlation analysis between BMD and T values and other data showed that the decrease of BMD and T values had a clear correlation with the increase of age,BMI,FPG,SUA and eGFR(P<0.05).After adjusting BMI and age,the above correlations between BMD and T values and FPG,SUA and eGFR still existed(P<0.05).Conclusion The older age,the lower education level,the less sunshine time,obesity or emaciation,all of which can damage the bone health,and overweight will help for maintaining the bone density.The more severe hyperglycemia,the worse uric acid and eGFR level,the more likely it is to damage bone mass.