阿尔茨海默病患者APOE基因多态性与酮体水平的关系研究

Correlation between APOE polymorphism and ketone bodies levels in patients with Alzheimer′s disease

目的 探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)及AD源性轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者APOE基因多态性特征及其与酮体基线水平的关系。方法 选取2020年1月至2023年10月该院门诊及神经内科病区收治的AD患者110例作为AD组,MCI患者(均未使用过抗痴呆药物)105例作为MCI组,体检中心健康老年体检者110例作为对照组,检测APOE基因多态性、血清β-羟丁酸(βHB)及尿酮体水平,分析3组老年人群APOE基因型分布情况,比较3组老年人群中携带与非携带APOE ε4等位基因者之间血清βHB、尿酮体水平的差异。结果 3组APOE基因型及ε2、ε3、ε4等位基因分布比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),AD组、MCI组中携带APOE ε4比例均高于对照组(P<0.05)。AD组、MCI组血清βHB水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。AD组携带APOE ε4者血清βHB水平明显低于对照者(P<0.05)。3组中携带与非携带APOE ε4者血清βHB水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组尿酮体水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组中携带或非携带APOE ε4者尿酮体水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 AD患者血清βHB基线水平降低与携带APOE ε4等位基因存在一定联系。

Objective To explore the characteristics of apolipoprotein E(APOE)gene polymorphism in patients with Alzheimer′s disease(AD)and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)due to AD,as well as its correlation with baseline levels of ketone bodies.Methods A total of 110 AD patients from the outpatient and neurology wards of the hospital from January 2020 to October 2023 were selected as the AD group,105 patients(none of whom had used anti dementia drugs)were selected as the MCI group,and 110 healthy elderly examinees in the physical examination center were selected as the control group.APOE gene polymorphism,and the levels of serumβ-hydroxybutyrate(HB)and urine ketone bodies were measured.The distribution of APOE genotype among the three groups was analyzed,and the differences of the levels of serum HB and urine ketone bodies were compared among those carried APOEε4 allele and those did not.Results Among the three groups,the statistical significance was found in the differences of APOE genotype andε2,ε3,ε4 allele(P<0.05).The proportion of APOEε4 allele carriers in the AD group and the MCI group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of serumβHB in the AD group and the MCI group were lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of serumβHB in those carried APOEε4 in the AD group were significantly lower than that in the control individuals(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in serumβHB levels between individuals carried and not carried APOEε4 in the three groups(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of urinary ketones among the three groups(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in urine ketone bodies levels between individuals carried and not carried APOEε4 in the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The reduced baseline levels of serumβHB in AD patients are associated with APOEε4 allele.