新民主主义革命时期中国共产党妇女教育主张与实践

The CPC’s Advocacy on Women’s Education and Its Practice During the New Democratic Revolution

在新民主主义革命时期,中国共产党始终坚持把马克思主义妇女理论与中国妇女运动实践相结合,通过党的决议、规定等规范性文件和领导人重要讲话等形式,对妇女进行教育,引导妇女群众凝聚在党的周围,提高妇女干部、妇女群众的思想政治觉悟,推动中国妇女运动的健康发展和引领中国妇女运动正确方向,保障妇女权益的实现。作为马克思主义妇女理论的传播者和承继者的中国共产党人,认识到妇女解放只有通过消灭阶级、消灭私有制来实现,妇女解放一定要伴随着阶级解放、社会解放和民族解放而实现。中国共产党在土地革命时期,对妇女进行阶级性、革命利益至上的教育,通过赋权妇女,教育、争取妇女参加革命。抗日战争时期,中国共产党妇女教育的出发点和总原则是一切为了抗战,民族利益和国家利益高于一切;重视对女干部的培养教育。解放战争时期,中国共产党教育妇女在参加土地改革运动中实现自身经济地位的提升;教育妇女参战、参加社会生产劳动、支援前线,为阶级解放贡献力量;教育妇女反对封建思想的束缚,保护自身特殊利益等。毛泽东等老一辈革命家确立了一整套具有中国特色的妇女解放理论,是中国化的马克思主义妇女理论,成功开辟了中国特色社会主义妇女发展之路,改变了中国妇女的前途和命运。

During the New Democratic Revolution period,the CPC always insisted on combining Marxist women’s theory with the practice of the Chinese women’s movement.Through the normative documents such as Party’s resolutions,constitution and regulations,and the important speeches by Party leaders,the CPC has educated women,guided the masses of women to gather around the Party,improved the ideological and political awareness of the cadres and the masses of women,promoted the healthy development of the Chinese women’s movement,led the correct direction of the Chinese women’s movement,and guaranteed the realization of women’s rights and interests.As the disseminator and successor of Marxist theory of women,the CPC realized that liberation of women can only be achieved by eliminating class and private ownership.The liberation of women must be achieved along with class liberation,social liberation,and national liberation.During the Agrarian Revolution,the CPC educated women about class nature and the supremacy of revolutionary interests.Through empowering women,it educated and strived for women to participate in the revolution.During the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan,the starting point and general principle of women’s education of the CPC are that everything is for the sake of the War of Resistance,and the national interests and state interestsare above all else.During this period,the Party attached great importance to the training and education of women cadres.During the China’s War of Liberation,the CPC educated women to improve their economic status by participating in the land reform movement,educated them to participate in war,participate in social production labor,support the front line and contribute to class liberation,and educated them to oppose the constraints of feudal ideology and protect their special interests.Mao Zedong and the older generation of revolutionaries established a set of women’s liberation theories with Chinese characteristics,which is a Marxist theory of women with Chinese characteristics.They successfully opened up the path of women’s development in socialism with Chinese characteristics and changed the future and destiny of Chinese women.