50例恶性肿瘤化疗患者药物不良反应发生情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of adverse drug reactions in 50 patients with malignant tumor treated with chemotherapy

目的:分析50例恶性肿瘤化疗患者药物不良反应(ADR)发生情况,并分析ADR发生的影响因素。方法:选取2020年5月—2023年5月临沂市中心医院收治的50例恶性肿瘤化疗患者的临床资料,根据是否发生ADR分为ADR组和正常组,收集患者性别、年龄、肝功能损害、合并慢性病、给药途径、给药次数等情况,分析恶性肿瘤化疗患者ADR发生的影响因素。结果:50例恶性肿瘤化疗患者中,ADR组36例(72.00%),正常组14例(28.00%)。两组性别、体质量指数、放疗史、合并低蛋白血症者占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组年龄、肿瘤类型、肝功能损害、合并慢性病、给药途径、单次给药情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:年龄≥60岁[OR=3.929,95%CI(1.029,14.992)]、肿瘤类型为血液系统肿瘤[OR=4.583,95%CI(1.090,19.266)]、合并肝功能损害[OR=5.000,95%CI(1.295,19.303)]、合并慢性病[OR=7.333,95%CI(1.716,31.343)]、静脉给药[OR=4.091,95%CI(1.111,15.057)]、单次给药[OR=6.487,95%CI(1.527,27.558)]是恶性肿瘤患者化疗后ADR发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:恶性肿瘤患者化疗后存在较高ADR发生风险,与年龄、肿瘤类型为血液系统肿瘤、肝功能损害、合并慢性病、给药途径、单次给药均相关,临床需据此采取针对性干预措施,以降低ADR发生风险。

Objective To analyze the occurrence of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in 50 patients with malignant tumor treated with chemotherapy and to target and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 50 patients with malignant tumor treated with chemotherapy admitted to Linyi Central Hospital from May 2020 to May 2023.According to the occurrence of ADR,they were divided into the ADR group and the normal group.The patient's gender,age,liver function damage,comorbidities with chronic diseases,administration routes,and dosage frequency were collected,and analyzed the influencing factors of ADR of malignant tumor chemotherapy.Results Among 50 patients with malignant tumor treated with chemotherapy,there were 36 cases(72.00%)in the ADR group and 14 cases(28.00%)in the normal group.There was no statistically significant difference in gender,body mass index,radiotherapy history,and the proportion of patients with hypoproteinemia between the two groups(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in age,tumor type,liver function impairment,comorbidities,administration route,and single-dose administration between the two groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[OR=3.929,95%CI(1.029,14.992)],tumor type as hematological malignancy[OR=4.583,95%CI(1.090,19.266)],comorbid liver function impairment[OR=5.000,95%CI(1.295,19.303)],comorbidities[OR=7.333,95%CI(1.716,31.343)],intravenous administration[OR=4.091,95%CI(1.111,15.057)],and single-dose administration[OR=6.487,95%CI(1.527,27.558)]were risk factors for ADR after chemotherapy for malignant tumors(P<0.05).Conclusions Malignant tumor patients have a higher risk of ADR after chemotherapy,which is related to age,liver function damage,comorbidities with chronic diseases,administration routes,and single dose.Targeted intervention measures should be taken in clinical practice to reduce the risk of ADR.