高原青稞籽粒提取物的成分分析及其抗氧化活性研究

Compositional analysis and antioxidant activity study of highland barley seed extracts

目的:对比青稞籽粒的提取方法,以最大化获得其抗氧化活性物质。方法:采用生物发酵法、水提法、醇提法3种方法,对比分析青稞籽粒提取物中β-葡聚糖、总酚的提取效率。通过铁离子还原抗氧化能力测定(FRAP),2,2'-联氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除法检测青稞籽粒提取物的抗氧化能力。同时,利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)对提取物进行代谢物鉴定。结果:醇提法表现出最优的提取效果,得到2.03µg/mLβ-葡聚糖和8.88µg/mL没食子酸当量的总酚,并在FRAP、ABTS、DPPH3种抗氧化能力检测法中都显示出最强的抗氧化能力。代谢物分析筛选出25种化合物,其中23种具有抗氧化活性。结论:本研究揭示了青稞籽粒提取物的代谢组成及其抗氧化活性,为深入理解青稞的营养特性及其潜在健康效益提供了科学依据,也为青稞在医药和保健品开发中的应用提供了理论支持。

Objective:To compare the extraction process of highland barley seeds to maximize their antioxidant activities.Methods:Three methods,namely,biofermentation,aqueous extraction and alcohol extraction,were used to comparatively analyze the extraction efficiency ofβ-glucan and total phenols from barley seed grain extract.The antioxidant capacity of the three barley seed extracts was detected by ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),2,2'-binamine-di-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging assay.Meanwhile,the identification of metabolite from the extracts was performed using high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Results:The alcoholic extraction method showed optimal extraction,yielding 2.03μg/mLβ-glucan and 8.88μg/mL gallic acid equivalent of total phenols,and the strongest antioxidant activity in all the three antioxidant activity assays,FRAP,ABTS,and DPPH.Twentyfive compounds were screened out by metabolite analysis,23 of which possessed antioxidant properties.Conclusion:This study reveals the metabolic composition of highland barley seed extract and its antioxidant activity,which provides a scientific basis for an in-depth understanding of the nutritional properties of barley and its potential health benefits,as well as theoretical support for the application of barley in the development of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.