针灸治疗失眠症的机制及其对睡眠质量的影响

The Mechanism of Acupuncture Treating Insomnia and Its Effect on Sleep Quality

目的分析针灸治疗失眠症的机制及其对睡眠质量的影响。方法选择2022年3月至2023年10月福建中医药大学附属康复医院针灸部、睡眠医学科收治的失眠症患者117例,随机分成对照组(58例)与干预组(59例),对照组使用常规药物治疗,干预组在对照组基础上增加针灸治疗,4周后比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果对照组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)为(11.71±1.00)分、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)为(16.29±1.32)分,干预组分别为(10.35±0.94)分、(14.68±1.16)分,干预组均低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组快动眼睡眠时间为(78.15±6.12)min、S3慢波睡眠时间为(19.47±1.77)min、S4慢波睡眠时间为(17.04±1.50)min,干预组分别为(86.74±6.82)min、(21.83±2.07)min、(18.96±1.90)min,干预组均长于对照组(P<0.05);对照组夜间入睡时间为(38.36±3.37)min、每天夜间觉醒次数为(1.82±0.13)次,干预组分别为(34.72±3.19)min、(1.57±0.15)次,干预组均少于对照组(P<0.05);对照组睡眠优良率为72.41%,干预组为88.14%,干预组高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组血清γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)水平为(396.72±38.83)μmol/L,干预组为(437.36±51.30)μmol/L,干预组高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组中医症状积分为(6.24±0.50)分,干预组为(5.39±0.43)分,干预组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针灸通过穴位刺激,可疏通经络、运行气血、调节元神,通过神经递质影响睡眠结构,进而提高睡眠质量,具有较好的治疗效果。

Objective To analyze the mechanism of acupuncture treating insomnia and its effect on sleep quality.Methods A total of 117 patients with insomnia admitted to the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,and Department of Sleep Medicine of the Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2022 to October 2023 were selected and randomly divided into control group(n=58)and intervention group(n=59).The control group was treated with conventional drugs,on this basis the intervention group add to acupuncture.After 4 weeks,the therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared.Results The Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores of the control group were(11.71±1.00)points and insomnia severity index scores were(16.29±1.32)points,while the intervention group was(10.35±0.94)points and(14.68±1.16)points,lower than the control group(P<0.05);The fast eye movement sleep time of the control group was(78.15±6.12)minutes,S3 slow wave sleep time was(19.47±1.77)minutes,and S4 slow wave sleep time was(17.04±1.50)minutes,while the intervention group was(86.74±6.82)minutes,(21.83±2.07)minutes,and(18.96±1.90)minutes,longer than the control group(P<0.05);The time to fall asleep of the control group was(38.36±3.37)minutes,and the number of nighttime awakenings was(1.82±0.13)times,while the intervention group was(34.72±3.19)minutes,(1.57±0.15)times,less than the control group(P<0.05);The excellent sleep rate of the control group was 72.41%,while the intervention group was 88.14%,higher than the control group(P<0.05);Theγ-aminobutyric acid of the control group was(396.72±38.83)μmol/L,while the intervention group was(437.36±51.30)μmol/L,higher than the control group(P<0.05);The TCM symptom score of the control group was(6.24±0.50)points,while the intervention group was(5.39±0.43)points,lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture can dredge the meridians,run Qi-blood,regulate vital energy,and affect the sleep structure through neurotransmitters,improving the sleep quality by stimulating acupoints.