碳交易政策下动力电池闭环供应链定价决策

Dynamic pricing in power battery closed-loop supply chain with carbon trading policy

为探讨实施碳交易政策对新能源汽车动力电池回收和减排决策的影响,基于动力电池生产者责任延伸制度,建立以整车制造商为主导的动力电池闭环供应链的Stackelberg博弈模型,引入碳交易政策和动力电池成本系数,通过对比分析碳交易政策实施前后供应链各成员的定价决策,探究碳交易市场价格、碳减排成本、动力电池成本系数对各主体定价决策和整车制造商减排水平的影响。研究发现政府实施碳交易政策始终能够提高动力电池的回收价格和回收量;碳减排成本和碳价的比值越低,越有利于推动新能源汽车产业的发展与碳中和进程;动力电池成本系数与动力电池回收价格、回收总量正相关,与碳排放量负相关,与新能源汽车价格和市场需求、企业碳减排水平无关。

To discuss the impact of the carbon trading policy on the power battery recovery and emission reduction decisions of new energy vehicles,based on extended producer responsibility,a Stackelberg game model of closed-loop power battery supply chain dominated by vehicle manufacturers was established,and the carbon trading policies and power battery cost coefficients was introduced.Through comparing and analyzing the pricing decisions of the supply chain each member before and after the implementation of the carbon trading policy,the impacts of carbon trading market prices,carbon emission reduction costs and power battery cost coefficients on the pricing decisions of various entities and the emission reduction levels of vehicle manufacturers were explored.The results showed that carbon trading policies had always been able to increase the recovery price and volume of power batteries;when the ratio of carbon emission reduction cost to carbon price was lower,it was more conducive to promoting the development of the new energy vehicle industry and the process of carbon emission reduction;the cost coefficient of power battery was positively correlated with the power battery recycling price and the total amount of recycling,negatively correlated with carbon emissions,and had nothing to do with new energy vehicle price,market demand and corporate carbon emission reduction levels.