不同训练水平男性青年负重越野跑后尿液短链脂肪酸的变化研究

Changes in Urinary Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels in Male Young Adults of Different Training Levels after Weighted Cross-Country Running

目的:分析不同训练水平男性青年负重越野跑前后尿液中短链脂肪酸浓度的差异,为运动监控与评定提供依据。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,将20名青年[年龄(22.57±1.63)y,身高(175.28±4.58)cm,体重(66.95±5.36)kg]按训练水平分为2组,即高训练水平组(HT组)和低训练水平组(LT组),分别完成1次15 km、负重10 kg的越野跑,记录运动中的心率。在运动前、后采集测试对象的尿液,检测尿液短链脂肪酸浓度。结果:HT组和LT组运动中的心率、运动后过量氧耗和运动冲量值无显著差异(P>0.05)。与运动前相比,LT组运动后即刻乙酸和丁酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),第二日早晨乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和异丁酸显著升高(P<0.05);HT组运动后即刻丁酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),第二日早晨异丁酸、异戊酸和己酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。2组之间,运动前HT组乙酸和丁酸浓度显著高于LT组(P<0.05),运动后即刻乙酸、丁酸和戊酸浓度显著低于LT组(P<0.05),第二日早晨丙酸浓度显著低于LT组(P<0.05)、己酸和庚酸显著高于LT组(P<0.05)。结论:不同训练水平的男性青年在负重越野跑前后尿液中短链脂肪酸浓度存在差异,可作为潜在标志物来评定训练水平和运动反应。

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the variations in urinary short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)concentrations before and after weighted cross-country running in male young adults with different training levels,providing insights for sports monitoring and assessment.METHODS:The research employed literature review,experimental methods,and statistical analysis.A total of 20 young adults(age:22.57±1.63 years,height:175.28±4.58 cm,weight:66.95±5.36 kg)were divided into two groups based on their training levels:high training(HT)group and low training(LT)group.Both groups completed a 15 km weighted cross-country run with a 10 kg load,and heart rate during exercise was recorded.Urine samples were collected before and after exercise to measure SCFA concentrations.RESULTS:There were no significant differences in heart rate,excess oxygen consumption,and exercise impulse between the HT and LT groups during exercise(P>0.05).Compared to pre-exercise levels,the LT group exhibited a significant increase in acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations immediately after exercise(P<0.05).Moreover,the LT group showed significant elevations in acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,and isobutyric acid levels on the morning of the following day(P<0.05).The HT group demonstrated a significant increase in butyric acid concentration immediately after exercise(P<0.05),and significant elevations in isobutyric acid,isovaleric acid,and caproic acid levels on the morning of the following day(P<0.05).In inter-group comparisons,the HT group had significantly higher acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations before exercise compared to the LT group(P<0.05).Immediately after exercise,the HT group had significantly lower acetic acid,butyric acid,and valeric acid concentrations compared to the LT group(P<0.05).Additionally,propionic acid concentration on the morning of the following day was significantly lower in the HT group compared to the LT group(P<0.05),while caproic acid and caprylic acid levels were significantly higher in the HT group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Urinary SCFA concentrations exhibited variations in male young adults with different training levels before and after weighted cross-country running,suggesting that SCFA could potentially serve as biomarkers for evaluating training levels and exercise responses.