商洛古代乡贤文化的构建

The Construction of Shangluo Ancient County Sage Culture

明嘉靖十四年(1535)以前,商洛建乡贤专祠玄王庙和四皓庙(四皓祠)祭祀契和四皓,构建了以勤身修德为核心的乡贤文化,一直延续至今。嘉靖十四年,商州知州萧廷杰始置乡贤祠,祭祀宋周经以下七位乡贤。万历二十四年(1596),商州乡贤祠从玄王庙移至文庙,乡贤附学,开始儒学化,人数为十五人。清康熙初年,商州知州王廷伊对乡贤人选进行了调整,人数增为十六人。从明嘉靖十四年至清康熙初年,商洛在构建乡贤文化时修德方面侧重道德教化和国家认同。乾隆初年,商州知州王如玖再次调整了乡贤人选,修德方面侧重廉洁奉公,乡贤入选的标准由“忠”和“孝”变为“廉能”。明清时期,商洛地方政府通过调整乡贤人选构建起适合时代特征的乡贤文化。

Before the fourteenth year of the Ming Jiajing(1535),Shangluo built the"Xuanwang Temple"and"Sihao Temple"to worship Xie the ancestors of the Shang and Sihao,to build a diligent and moral cultivation as the core of the county sage culture.Jiajing fourteen years,Shangzhou governor Xiao Tingjie began to set up a temple of sages,sacrificing Zhou Jing of song dynasty following seven sages.In the 24th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty(1596),the temple of Shangzhou sages was moved from the temple of Xuanwang to the temple of Academy.The sages attached to the school and began to be feted.The number of them was 15.In the early years of Kangxi,Shangzhou governor Wang Tingyi adjusted the selection of ruralsages,and the number was 16.From the fourteen years of Jiajing in Ming sages,and the number was 16.From the fourteen years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty to the early years of Kangxi,Shangluo focused on moral cultivation and national identity in the construction of rural sages culture.In the early years of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty,Wang Rujiu,governor of Shangzhou,adjusted the selection of sages again,focusing on honesty and integrity in terms of moral cultivation.The main qualities of county sages changed from"loyalty"and"filial piety"to"honesty and energy".In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the local government of Shangluo built up a culture of county sages suitable for the times by adjusting the selection of county sages.