阿勒泰地区地闪时空分布特征及影响因素分析

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity in Aletai Region and Influencing Factors

为更好了解近年来阿勒泰地区地闪的时空分布特征及其影响因素,利用阿勒泰地区2013-2021年的地闪定位监测资料、气象参数和DEM高程等数据,采用反距离权重法、皮尔逊相关性分析等方法,对阿勒泰地闪进行分析。结果表明:年平均负地闪比例为89.03%,年平均白天地闪所占比例为64.48%。正地闪、负地闪、总地闪频次月变化均呈单峰型。总地闪、负地闪频次日变化整体呈M型。总地闪频次主要发生时段为14-18时。阿勒泰地区正地闪、负地闪频次百分比都呈单峰型,且均在20~40 kA达到顶峰。阿勒泰地区北部为地闪密度高值区。地闪频次、地闪电流强度与海拔高度通过了显著性检验。地闪频次与平均气温、平均相对湿度、降水量、2 min平均风速均通过了显著性检验。

To better understand the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning in the Aletai region in recent years and its influencing factors,cloud-to-ground lightning positioning monitoring data,meteoro-logical parameters,and DEM elevations in the Aletai region from 2013 to 2021 were used to analyze the cloud-to-ground lightning in Aletai by methods such as through inverse distance weighting method and Pearson correlation analysis.The results show that the annual average proportion of negative clouds to ground lightning is 89.03%,and the annual aver-age proportion of daytime clouds to ground lightning is 64.48%.The monthly changes of positive cloud-to-ground light-ning negative cloud-to-ground lightning and total cloud-to-ground lightning frequency were all in a single-peaked pattern.The overall daily changes in total cloud-to-ground lightning and negative cloud-to-ground lightning frequency were M-shaped.The main occurrence time of total cloud-to-ground lightning frequency is 14:00-18:00.The percentages of pos-itive and negative ground lightning in the Aletai region are single-peaked,and both peak in the 20-40 kA range.The northern part of the Aletai region is the area with a high value of cloud-to-ground lightning density.The cloud-to-ground lightning frequency,cloud-to-ground lightning current intensity,and altitude passed the significance test.Cloud-to-ground lightning frequency,mean temperature,mean relative humidity,precipitation,and 2-minute mean wind speed all passed the significance test.