牛乳酪蛋白源生物活性肽的研究进展

Research Progress of Bioactive Peptides Derived from Milk Casein

酪蛋白是牛乳中的主要成分,经研究证明其也是生物活性肽的主要来源,功能性小肽主要在胃肠道消化或乳制品发酵过程中通过蛋白酶和肽酶的作用所释放。根据不同的序列、结构和氨基酸含量,所产生的多肽具有不同的功能,如调节免疫力、抗菌、抗氧化、降血压和改善睡眠等功能,被认为是功能性食品的潜在成分。随着对牛乳酪蛋白源生物活性肽的深入挖掘及其生理功能作用机制的阐明,酪蛋白衍生的多肽有望成为潜在功能食品添加剂及多肽类药物,在特定食品及多肽类药物的开发领域具有重要的应用前景。文章针对牛乳酪蛋白多肽挖掘、生物学功能及作用机制的国内外研究进展进行综述,以期为牛乳酪蛋白源生物活性肽的研究及应用提供参考。

Casein is the main component in milk,and it has been proven to be the main source of bioactive peptides through research.Functional small peptides are mainly released through the action of proteases and peptidases in the processes of gastrointestinal digestion or dairy fermentation.According to different sequences,structures and amino acid content,the generated polypeptides have different functions,such as regulating immunity,antibiosis,antioxidation,lowering blood pressure and sleep improvement,and are considered as potential components of functional foods.With the in-depth exploration of bioactive peptides derived from milk casein and the elucidation of the mechanism of their physiological functions,polypeptides derived from casein are expected to become potential functional food additives and polypeptide drugs,and have important application prospects in the development of specific foods and polypeptide drugs.In this paper,the research progress of milk casein polypeptide study,biological functions and mechanism of action at home and abroad are reviewed,in order to provide references for the research and application of bioactive peptides derived from milk casein.