景观的时间性

Temporality of Landscape

景观在特定的时间和空间中存在,也随着时间和空间的变化而变化。变化的景观带给人丰富的体验,也更容易引起人与景观的共鸣。“春有锦绣谷花,夏有石门涧云,秋有虎溪月,冬有炉峰雪”,唐代诗人白居易被贬谪后在庐山作草堂而居,山中每日的晨昏变化和四时的不同风景,让他体宁心恬、物我两忘,获得极大的满足。古人尤其懂得欣赏不同时间的景观,一个地区代表性的“八景”“十景”往往包含了不同时段、不同天气和不同季节的景观,而与季节性景观相关的风景文化还会催生出一座城市特有的时令风景游赏活动。

Landscapes exist in a particular time and space and change with time and space.A changing landscape brings a rich experience and is more likely to arouse the resonance of human with landscape."There are beautiful flowers in valleys in spring,clouds in Shimen Stream in summer,a bright moon in Hu Creek in autumn,and snows on Lu Peak in winter".Bai Juyi,the poet in Tang Dynasty,lived in a humble cottage in Mount Lu after being relegated.The daily changes in the morning and evening and the different landscapes of the four seasons in the mountain made him peaceful in body and mind,forgetting everything and being greatly satisfied.Ancient people especially knew how to appreciate the landscape at different times.The representative regional"eight scenes"or"ten scenes"often include landscapes at different times,different weathers and different seasons,and the landscape culture related to seasonal landscapes would also give rise to a city's unique seasonal landscape appreciation activities.