基于外部转运式的货运空铁联运衔接方案设计

Connecting Scheme Design of Freight Air-Rail Intermodal Transport Based on External Transfer Type

在高附加值、高时效性要求的货物日益激增的需求驱动下,航空货运和高铁货运联运常态化趋势逐渐显现。在运输方式转换中,衔接环节一定程度上影响着联运货物的运输成本和运输效率,为进一步优化空铁联运方案,提出了基于“全货机+高铁货运专列”联运外部转运衔接模式,构建货运空铁联运衔接模型,设计货运空铁时刻表衔接方案及摆渡车调度方案,并设计遗传算法对模型进行求解,并进一步分析衔接成本及衔接时间。以某日虹桥机场T2航站楼和上海虹桥高铁站的部分实际时刻表数据为例,得到一个货运空铁联运衔接方案。对该方案进行仿真,结果表明:需设置3辆摆渡车在空铁之间完成货物的衔接作业,此时各摆渡车的工作量得到合理分配,且每批货物的衔接成本最小;在货运空铁联运总成本中,衔接成本占20%左右,且货运空铁联运在长途运输中成本优势更为明显;装卸货效率是影响货运空铁联运衔接时间的关键因素。从而为未来长途货运空铁联运运营提供参考。

Air-rail intermodal freight transportation offers a promising solution to address the increasing demand for high-value and time-sensitive goods.In the transformation of transport mode,the connecting link was affected by the transport cost and transport efficiency of combined transport goods to a certain extent.Based on the external transfer connection mode of“all-cargo aircraft+high-speed rail freight train”,a model was constructed for optimizing the connection timetable and ferry scheduling scheme in air-rail intermodal freight transportation to further optimize the air-rail intermodality scheme.To solve this model,an approach based on genetic algorithms was developed.Connection cost and connection time were further analyzed.The model and approach were tested in a real-world case of air-rail freight transportation using the timetable data of Hongqiao Airport T2 Terminal and Shanghai Hongqiao High-speed Railway Station on a specific day.The simulation results show that three ferry cars are needed to transport the goods in the air-rail connection.In this scheme,the workload of each ferry car is reasonably distributed,and the cost of each batch of goods is the smallest.The connection cost accounts for about 20%of the total cost,and the cost advantage of air-rail intermodality in long-distance transportation is more obvious.The efficiency of loading and unloading is the key factor affecting the connection time of air-rail intermodality.It can provide a guidance for the future operation of long-distance air-rail intermodality.