贵州钼镍矿山尾矿资源调查及重金属污染情况分析

Investigation of Tailings Resources and Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Molybdenum-nickel Mines in Guizhou

为了对贵州钼镍矿山尾矿进行有效的防治管理,针对钼镍矿山尾矿资源开展了调查及取样分析,结合前人对尾矿堆周围重金属污染程度、黑色页岩风化与重金属污染之间的关系等分析研究成果,对尾矿环境污染风险进行了初步评估。分析结果表明:钼镍矿山尾矿堆周围土壤中重金属Cd、Ni、As、Zn含量超标,与黑色页岩中重金属含量高背景相对一致,重金属Cd含量最高超标7.7倍,远高于黑色页岩中Cd的含量,可能存在其他来源;鉴于重金属Cd本身生物活性较高,迁移性较强,易进入土壤溶液并被农作物吸收的特性,建议在钼镍矿区土壤重金属生态风险评价和环境修复中,应重点关注重金属Cd的污染。

In order to carry out effective prevention and control management of molybdenum-nickel mine tailings in Guizhou,the investigation and sampling analysis of molybdenum-nickel mine tailings re⁃sources are carried out.Combined with the previous research results on the degree of heavy metal pollution around the tailings pile,the relationship between black shale weathering and heavy metal pollution,the en⁃vironmental pollution risk of tailings is preliminarily evaluated.The results show that the contents of Cd,Ni,As and Zn in the soil around the tailings pile of molybdenum-nickel mine exceed the standard,which is rel⁃atively consistent with the background of high content of heavy metals in black shale.The highest content of heavy metal Cd exceeds the standard by 7.7 times,which is much higher than the content of Cd in black shale.There may be other sources.In view of the high biological activity and strong mobility of heavy metal Cd,it is easy to enter the soil solution and be absorbed by crops.It is suggested that the pollution of heavy metal Cd should be paid more attention to the ecological risk assessment and environmental remediation of soil heavy metals in molybdenum-nickel mining area.