提取方法对党参多糖提取率、结构及生物活性的影响

Effects of extraction methods on extraction yield,structure and bioactivity of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides

为探究提取方法对党参多糖提取率、结构特征及生物活性的影响,采用了4种不同提取方法进行党参多糖提取,并对所提多糖的提取率、化学成分、官能团特征、热稳定性、zeta电位、粒径分布、形貌特征及自由基清除能力进行对比分析。结果显示:超声辅助碱溶液所提党参多糖提取率较高(4.55%),热稳定性较差;超声辅助酸溶液所提党参多糖的总糖含量(53.95%)与糖醛酸含量(11.26%)最高,zeta电位绝对值最大(|-15.17|mV),粒径最大(512.75±4.13 nm),上述两种提取方法的自由基清除能力相对较差;四种方法所提党参多糖具有相似的官能团特征、不同的形貌特征,均含有少量蛋白质。研究结果为党参多糖的提取利用及其产品开发提供理论依据。

In order to explore the effects of extraction methods on the extraction rate,structural characteristics and biological activity of Codonopsis pilosula,4 different extraction methods were used to extract polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula,and the extraction rate,chemical composition,functional group characteristics,thermal stability,zeta potential,particle size distribution,morphological characteristics and free radical scavenging capacity of the extracted polysaccharides were comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the extraction rate of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides extracted by ultrasound-assisted lye solution was high(4.55%),and its thermal stability was poor.The total sugar content(53.95%)and the content of uronic acid(11.26%)in the Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides extracted by ultrasound-assisted acid solution were the highest,with the highest absolute value of zeta potential(|-15.17|mV),and the largest particle size of(512.75±4.13 nm),the radical scavenging ability of the extracted Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides by the two extraction methods above were relatively poor;The polysaccharides extracted with the four different methods had similar functional group characteristics,different morphological characteristics,and all contained a small amount of protein.The results of this study provides theoretical basis for extraction,utilization and product development of polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula.