猕猴桃皮渣中水溶性膳食纤维的提取方法对比及其性质测定

Comparison of extraction methods of water-soluble dietary fiber from kiwifruit peel residue and its properties determination

本文采用超声辅助酸法(Ultrasonic-assisted Acid,UAC)、超声辅助碱法(Ultrasonic-assisted Alkali,UAL)、超声辅助酶法(Ultrasound-assisted Enzyme,UEN)、剪切乳化辅助酶法(Shear Emulsification-assisted Enzyme,SEN)分别从猕猴桃皮渣中提取水溶性膳食纤维(Soluble Dietary Fiber,SDF)。通过提取率、基本成分含量、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、粒径、流变特性等各项指标对其特性进行对比分析。结果表明:四种SDF均拥有典型的多糖红外光谱特征,且均为假塑性非牛顿流体。其中,UEN法拥有最高的提取率(31.17%±0.5%)、总糖含量(84.11%±3.66%)以及还原糖含量(17.80%±0.45%)。此外,该方法在提取过程中能较好的保护SDF的结构,且拥有最小的粒径和PDI,性质上更加稳定。综上所述,UEN法更具备绿色、环保的特征,能在一定程度上保护SDF结构的同时提高提取率。

Ultrasonic-assisted acid(UAC),ultrasonic-assisted alkali(UAL),ultrasound-assisted enzyme(UEN)and shear emulsification-assisted enzyme(SEN)were used to extract water soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from kiwifruit peel residue.The characteristics of SDF were compared and analyzed by extraction rate,basic component content,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),particle size,rheological properties and other indicators.Results showed that all four SDFs had typical infrared spectral characteristics of polysaccharides and were pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluids.Among them,the UEN method had the highest extraction rate of 31.17%±0.5%,total sugar content of 84.11%±3.66%,and reducing sugar content of 17.80%±0.45%.In addition,this method could better protect the structure of SDF during the extraction process,and had the smallest particle size and PDI,which was more stable in nature.In summary,the UEN method was more environmentally friendly,which could protect the SDF structure to a certain extent and improve the extraction rate.