4种忍冬属树种物候与叶生长研究

Study on Phenophase and Leaf Growth of Four Species of Lonicera L.

以长白忍冬Lonicera ruprechtiana、蓝叶忍冬L.korolkowii、早花忍冬L.praeflorens和金银忍冬L.maackii为研究对象,采用树木物候观测法对4种忍冬属树种的物候期进行观测记录,同时对其叶片的长度、宽度、叶面积和叶生物量进行了连续4个月的测量。结果显示:(1)4种忍冬属树种的叶期为长白忍冬(169d)>蓝叶忍冬(165d)>金银忍冬(161 d)>早花忍冬(159 d);花期为早花忍冬(18 d)>蓝叶忍冬(14 d)>金银忍冬(13 d)>长白忍冬(9 d);果实宿存为金银忍冬(198 d)>长白忍冬(50 d)>蓝叶忍冬(39 d)>早花忍冬(9 d)。结果表明:长白忍冬叶期最长,早花忍冬花期最长,金银忍冬果实宿存期最长。(2)叶片长度、宽度和叶面积变化趋势较一致。长白忍冬的叶片长度、宽度和叶面积在6月上旬达到最大,蓝叶忍冬和早花忍冬在7月上旬达到最大,金银忍冬在7月下旬达到最大。(3)4种忍冬属树种比叶面积从大到小为金银忍冬(197.88 cm2·g-1)>蓝叶忍冬(173.54 cm2·g-1)>早花忍冬(164.21 cm2·g-1)>长白忍冬(163.88 cm2·g-1),表明长白忍冬比其它3种忍冬属树种更能适应资源贫瘠和干旱的生境。在园林绿化中应充分考虑4种忍冬属树种的物候特征和生态学特性进行合理优化配置,以达到较高的观赏和应用价值。

During May and August 2019,observations were conducted on phenophase and leaf length,width,area and biomass of 4 species of Lonicera L.including L.ruprechtiana,L.korolkowii,L.praeflorens and L.maackii in Jinlin,Jinlin province.The observations showed that leaf stage of four species was ordered by L.ruprechtiana(169 d)>L.korolkowii(165 d)>L.maackii(161 d)>L.praeflorens(159 d),flowering stage by L.praeflorens(18 d)>L.korolkowii(14 d)>L.maackii(13 d)>L.ruprechtiana(9 d).Duration of fruit retention was L.maackii(198 d)>L.ruprechtiana(50 d)>L.korolkowii(39 d)>L.praeflorens(9 d).The variation of leaf length,leaf width and leaf area was similar.The length,width and leaf area of L.ruprechtiana topped in early June,that of L.korolkowii and L.praeflorens in early July,and that of L.maackii in late July.The spe-cific leaf area was L.maackii(197.88 cm2/g)>L.korolkowii(173.54 cm2/g)>L.praeflorens(164.21 cm2/g)>L.ruprechtiana(163.88 cm2/g),indicat-ing that L.ruprechtiana had better adaptability to drought and poor site condition.