去增长与社会主义:关于若干重大议题的注解与探讨

Degrowth and Socialism:Notes on Some Critical Junctures

面对当今全球能源枯竭、资源分配不均以及自身理论短板的情况,“去增长”理论作为当代资本主义批判的重要范式,逐渐产生了与社会主义的趋同。文章分析了二者之间的内在张力,基于去增长理论无法与资本主义彻底决裂的软弱性以及社会主义计划经济的经验教训,考察了去增长与社会主义相结合的可能性。在超越简单二分法的基础之上,文章探讨了市场与计划相结合、自律与他律相统一、民主与集中相协调的科学性与可操作性,提出了本地化、自治、协商三条理论进路,以克服既有理论与实践的片面性。文章最后强调了实践运动的第一性,无论是去增长还是社会主义理论,都应当以现实运动为前提,在资本主义现实批判中相互借鉴、共同发展,增进人类福祉。

As an important paradigm of contemporary capitalist criticism,the theory of“degrowth”has gradually converged with socialism in the face of global energy exhaustion,unequal distribution of resources and its own theoretical shortcomings.This paper analyzes the internal tension between the two,based on the weakness of the degrowth theory which cannot break with capitalism completely and the experience and lessons of the socialist planned economy,and examines the possibility of the combination of degrowth and socialism.On the basis of going beyond the simple dichotomy,this paper discusses the scientificity and operability of combining market and plan,unifying self-discipline and heteronomy,and coordinating democracy and centralization,and puts forward three theoretical approaches of localization,autonomy and negotiation to overcome the one-sidedness of existing theory and practice.Finally,the article emphasizes the primacy of practical movement,whether it is degrowth or socialist theory should take realistic movement as the premise.To enhance human welfare and demonstrate the superiority of the socialist system in the criticism of the reality of capitalism.