基于YOLO-2MCS的输电线路走廊隐患目标检测方法

A Hidden Danger Object Detection Method for Transmission Line Corridor Based on YOLO-2MCS

输电线路在跨越高速铁路、高速公路和重要输电通道场景下易受到外力破坏,可能严重影响输电线路安全可靠运行。针对此问题,该文通过构建输电线路走廊隐患目标数据集,提出新模型YOLO-2MCS用于输电线路走廊隐患目标检测。使用混合数据增强策略对数据集进行有效扩充,以提高模型在复杂场景下的泛化性和鲁棒性;在EfficientRep骨干网络引入卷积注意力机制模块,有效提升模型对多尺度目标的检测能力;构建使用softplus激活函数的双向特征金字塔结构加强模型特征学习能力;在检测头使用SIoU损失函数进一步提升模型检测精度。实验结果表明,相较于原YOLOv6网络,该模型在0.5:0.95的严苛阈值下平均精度均值提升4.4%;将该模型与主流的检测模型FasterR-CNN、YOLOX、YOLOv5和YOLOv7分别进行对比评估,该模型的检测精度、检测速度、模型复杂度均获得最优性能,其平均检测速度高达约300帧/s,且内存仅为40.7 MB,同时满足在边缘计算设备上部署的要求。

Transmission lines are vulnerable to external breakage when crossing high-speed railways,highways and important transmission channels(referred to as“Three-Span”).The occurrence of such accidents is highly random,and may causes damage to transmission equipment,power grid tripping,power outages,and even accidental electric shock and other safety accidents,which seriously affect the safe,reliable and stable operation of transmission line.The existing super-high/UHV transmission line inspection methods include manual inspection,robot inspection,helicopter inspection and UAV inspection,etc.,and gradually form the maintenance and operation mode with UAV inspection as the main and manual inspection as the supplement.However,UAV inspection also has limitations such as difficult operation,limited flight distance,and many uncertainties in the field,which is not suitable for large-scale promotion.Aiming at the limitations of the existing transmission line inspection methods and the lack of the external force damage object dataset,this paper collected and constructed a hidden danger object dataset of transmission line corridor,which contains three typical hidden danger object categories and 8654 targets in total.The hybrid data augmentation strategy is used to effectively enrich the dataset to improve the generalization and robustness of the model in complex scenarios and avoid the model overfitting problem during training caused by a single scenario.The convolutional block attention module(CBAM)is introduced in the EfficientRep backbone network to reduce the feature loss in the extraction process of the original backbone network and improve the model's ability to identify and locate occluded objects.The bidirectional feature pyramid network using the softplus activation function enhance the feature learning ability of the model and the convergence speed during training.The SIoU loss function that defines the angle cost function is introduced in the detector,which can make the loss function in the training process converge as soon as possible and complete the parameter adjustment of backpropagation,so that the model can obtain better and faster object positioning performance.The results of ablation experiments showed that the strategies proposed in this paper can significantly improve the detection accuracy and detection speed of the model without unduly affecting the complexity of the model in the hidden danger object dataset of transmission line corridor constructed in this paper.Compared with the original YOLOv6 model,the average accuracy of the new model is improved by 4.4%under the strict threshold of 0.5:0.95,the average detection speed is as high as about 300 frames per second,and the memory size is only 40.7 MB.The results of comparative experiments showed that the detection accuracy and detection speed of the proposed method are significantly better than the Faster R-CNN,YOLOX,YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 under the same hyperparameters and the same dataset.The visualization results showed that when there is a hidden danger object that are occluded,the proposed model can also better identify and locate it.Based on the above experimental results,the YOLO-2MCS model proposed in this paper can not only accurately identify the categories of external force damage in the transmission line corridor monitoring scene,but also quickly and accurately locate the hidden danger object,all while meeting the needs of devices installed on the mobile edge.The hidden danger object dataset of transmission line corridor constructed in this paper provides effective support for subsequent model training and iteration,and effectively develops the intelligent development of the prevention of external force damage in transmission line corridor.