2021—2022年武汉市武昌地区粪检DNA阳性者结直肠癌筛查结果

Screening results of colorectal cancer in fecal DNA positive individuals in Wuchang District,Wuhan City in 2021-2022

目的 分析2021—2022年武汉市武昌地区粪检DNA阳性者结直肠癌筛查结果。方法 根据武汉市免费结直肠癌筛查项目,统计分析2021—2022年因粪便DNA初筛阳性来武汉市第三医院接受结肠镜检查患者的基本信息、肠镜及病理报告、问卷调查结果等。结果 完成肠镜检查者727例,共检出病变663例。检出直径<0.5 cm的息肉最多,位于乙状结肠的息肉最多。结直肠总体病变、CRC、腺瘤、非腺瘤性息肉、慢性结直肠炎及其他病变检出率分别为91.20%、1.51%、33.15%、45.94%、7.98%、2.61%。男性结直肠总体病变(χ^(2)=8.681,P=0.003)及腺瘤检出率(χ^(2)=11.289,P=0.001)高于女性,女性慢性结直肠炎检出率高于男性(χ^(2)=4.020,P=0.045);51~60岁患者结直肠总体病变(χ^(2)=4.076,P=0.043)及腺瘤检出率(χ^(2)=4.900,P=0.027)高于45~50岁患者,差异均有统计学意义。年龄、CRC家族史、吸烟、便血/粘液血便史是结直肠肿瘤发病的危险因素,经常锻炼身体是其保护因素。结论 2021—2022年武汉市武昌地区结直肠癌筛查具有较高的检出率,应加强重点人群的结肠镜筛查,及时治疗早期病变可以取得较好的效果。

Objective To analyze the colorectal cancer screening results of people with positive stool DNA tests in Wuchang District,Wuhan City from 2021 to 2022.Methods Based on the Wuhan Free Colorectal Cancer Screening Project,statistical analysis was conducted on the basic information,colonoscopy and pathological reports,and questionnaire survey results of patients who came to Wuhan Third Hospital for colonoscopy screening due to positive stool DNA preliminary screening in 2021 to 2022.Results A total of 727 patients completed colonoscopy examination,of which lesions were detected in 663 cases.The most polyps with a diameter of <0.5 cm were detected,and the polyps located in the sigmoid colon were the most common.The detection rates of overall colorectal lesions,CRC,adenomas,non-adenomatous polyps,chronic colorectal inflammation,and other lesions were 91.20%,1.51%,33.15%,45.94%,7.98%,and 2.61%,respectively.The overall incidence of colorectal lesions(χ~2=8.681,P=0.003) and the detection rate of adenomas in males(χ~2=11.289,P =0.001) were higher than those in females,while the detection rate of chronic colorectal inflammation in females was higher than that in males(χ~2=4.020,P =0.045).The overall colorectal lesion rate(χ~2=4.076,P =0.043) and adenoma detection rate(χ~2=4.900,P =0.027) in patients aged 51 to 60 years were higher than those in patients aged 45 to 50 years,and the differences were statistically significant.Age,family history of CRC,smoking,and history of bloody stool/mucinous stool were risk factors for colorectal cancer,and regular physical exercise was a protective factor.Conclusion The screening of colorectal cancer in Wuchang area of Wuhan City from 2021 to 2022 has a high detection rate.It is necessary to strengthen colonoscopy screening for key populations.Timely treatment of early lesions can achieve good results.