中医药治疗过敏性紫癜的动物实验研究进展

Progress of animal experimental research into treatment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura with traditional Chinese medicine

过敏性紫癜(Henoch-Schonlein purpura,HSP)是儿童期最常见的系统性血管炎,中医称之为“斑毒”“紫癜风”“葡萄疫”。现代医学研究认为该病与细胞免疫及体液免疫失衡、细胞因子分泌异常、凝血与纤溶机制紊乱等因素相关,但具体发病机制仍不明确。此病发病率逐年上升,复发率高,肾受损比例高,严重影响患儿身心健康,社会危害性大。众多研究表明中医药治疗HSP临床疗效良好,但其作用机制尚不完全明晰。近年来,随着HSP动物模型的建立,开展了大量的动物实验进行中药疗效机制的研究,但缺乏较系统的、细致的综述,故对近十年中医药治疗HSP的动物实验相关文献进行整理,从中医药在缓解IgA1异常糖基化、调节Th1/Th2及Treg/Th17免疫失衡、减少循环免疫复合物、抑制炎症反应等方面作出归纳和总结,以期为中医药治疗HSP的深入研究提供参考,启发新的研究思路。

Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)isthemost common systemic vasculitisof childhood,and iscalled"spot toxin","purpura wind",and"grape plague"in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Modern medical research suggests that the disease is related to factors such as an imbalance in cellular and humoral immunity,the abnormal secretion of cytokines,and disturbances to coagulation and fibrinolysis mechanisms,but the exact pathogenesis is stll unclear.The incidence of this disease is increasing year by year,and it has a high recurrence rate and a high proportion of kidney damage,which seriously affects the physical and mental health of affected children and poses a great risk to human health.Numerous studies have shown the clinical efficacy of TCM treatment for HSP,but the mechanism of action is not completely clear.In recent years,following the establishment of animal models of HSP,a large number of animal experiments have been carried out to study the efficacy and mechanisms of TCM for HSP,but there is a lack of systematic and detailed reviews.Therefore,animal experimental literature related to the treatment of HSP with TCM in the past decade was reviewed.The effects of TCM in alleviating the abnormal glycosylation of IgA1,regulating the imbalances in Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 immune cells,reducing circulating immune complexes,and inhibiting inflammatory responses were compiled and summarized to provide a reference for further research on TCM for the treatment of HSP and inspire new research ideas.