城市配电网数智化电动汽车需求响应控制措施及机制研究

Demand Response Control Measures and Mechanism for Intelligent Electric Vehicles in Urban Distribution Network

新能源电动汽车快速发展对城市配电网乃至全网供需平衡运行的影响日益突出。笔者通过分析新能源发电特性、典型配电网台区用电特性,提出电动汽车需求响应技术手段、市场及政策机制、车桩行政规范建设等控制措施,设计了移峰填谷引导、填谷响应充电、谷用峰发双向三种响应模式,并探索配电网电动汽车需求响应步骤及控制流程。电动汽车电力需求响应可最大程度平抑大量新能源的随机性引发的低谷消纳困难和高峰电力供应紧缺交替运行的阶段性波动,减少大量电动汽车随机充电对城市配电网用电高峰的冲击及重过载影响,增加低谷富余电力消纳能力,降低电动汽车用电成本,并提高发输变配电力设备利用效率,减少电力固定建设投资。

The rapid development of new energy electric vehicles has an increasingly prominent impact on the supply and demand balance of urban distribution network and even the whole network.By analyzing the characteristics of new energy power generation and the power consumption characteristics of typical distribution network areas,the authors put forward the technical means of electric vehicle demand response,market and policy mechanism,vehicle pile administrative standard construction and other control measures,design three response modes of peak shifting and valley flling guidance,valley flling response charging and valley peak generation,and explore the demand response steps and control process of electric vehicles in distribution network.The power demand response of electric vehicles can minimize the periodic fluctuations caused by the difficulty of low-valley consumption caused by the randomness of a large number of new energy sources and the alternating operation of peak power supply shortages,reduce the impact of random charging of a large number of electric vehicles on the peak power consumption of urban distribution networks and the impact of heavy overload,increase the low-valley surplus power consumption capacity,reduce the cost of electric vehicles,,improve the utilization efficiency of power generation,transmission and distribution equipment,and reduce the investment in fixed power construction.