深圳市土地出让区位选择空间特征及影响因素研究

Spatial location characteristics and influencing factors of land transfer in Shenzhen city

以深圳市2007—2022年的2908宗土地出让地块为样本,采用GIS空间分析、数据统计分析等方法对深圳土地出让区位选择空间特征与影响因素进行了研究.研究结果表明:(1)土地出让数量最多的是龙岗及宝安区,土地出让收入最高的是南山及宝安区,最少的都是盐田区,土地出让数量和收入总体上都呈稳中有升的趋势.(2)深圳商服、住宅、工矿仓储和总用地的出让均呈显著集聚模式.(3)总用地出让热点区分布较均衡,冷点区在东南部较多.商服用地热点区高度集聚于西南部的都市核心区.住宅用地热点区分布相对均衡,且在深圳中部的热度明显超过另两类用地.工矿仓储用地热点区集聚于北部边缘地区.(4)总用地出让的核密度在西南部及东北部高,东南部低,呈多中心多层次点状集聚的空间特征.商服用地高密度区集聚于西南部,呈大规模连片分布单中心集聚的空间特征.住宅用地高密度区分布较均衡,呈多中心多层次点状集聚的空间特征.工矿仓储用地高密度区主要位于北部,且临近深莞、深惠交界处,呈多中心点状集聚的空间特征.(5)土地出让区位选择模式是商服用地高度集聚于前海等城市新中心,工矿仓储用地主要位于北部城市边缘地区,住宅用地夹于另两类用地之间的同时也与商服、工矿仓储用地混合分布.(6)土地出让区位选择受到交通、地形、经济与人口规模、城市化和土地利用与城市规划等多方面的综合影响.

Taking 2908 land transfer plots in Shenzhen city from 2007 to 2022 as samples,this paper uses GIS spatial analysis and data statistical analysis to study the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of land transfer location choice in Shenzhen city.The results show that:①The largest amount of land transfer is in Longgang District and Baoan District,the highest income of land transfer is in Nanshan District and Baoan District,and the lowest is in Yantian District.The amount of land transfer and the income of land transfer in Shenzhen city generally show a steady upward trend.②The commercial land,residential land,industrial land and total land transfer by Shenzhen city show a significant agglomeration pattern.③The distribution of hot spots in the total land transfer is relatively balanced,with more cold spots in the southeast of the city.The hot spots of commercial and service land transfer are highly concentrated in the urban core area in the southwest.The distribution of hot spots of residential land transfer is relatively balanced,and the heat of residential land in the central area of Shenzhen city is significantly higher than that of the other two types of land.The hot spots of industrial land transfer are concentrate in the northern edge of the city.④The kernel density of total land transfer is high in the southwest and northeast,and low in the southeast,showing the spatial characteristics of multi-center and multi-level punctate-like agglomeration.The high-density area of commercial land transfer is concentrate in the southwest,with the spatial characteristics of large-scale continuous distribution and single-center agglomeration.The distribution of high-density residential land transfer is relatively balanced,showing the spatial characteristics of multi-center and multi-level punctate agglomeration.The high-density areas of industrial land are mainly located in the north,and are close to the junctions of Shenzhen-Dongguan city and Shenzhen-Huizhou city,showing the spatial characteristics of multi-center punctate agglomeration.⑤The location choice mode of land transfer is that commercial service land transfer is highly concentrate in new urban centers such as Qianhai zone,industrial land is mainly located in the northern edge of Shenzhen city,residential land is sandwich between the other two types of land,and is also mixed with commercial service and industrial land.⑥The choice of land transfer location is comprehensively affected by traffic,topography,economy and population scale,urbanization,land use and urban planning.