青光眼视功能损伤进展评估方法

Advances in methods to assess progression of glaucomatous visual impairment

青光眼是一组具有特征性视神经结构损害的眼病,其临床治疗的目标是延缓病程进展,保持视功能的生理需要。青光眼疾病进展评估方法包括结构损伤评估和视功能损伤评估。随着青光眼疾病的进展,当视网膜神经节细胞大量死亡时,一些评估结构损伤的指标将产生地板效应。因此,视功能评估成为监测中晚期青光眼疾病进展的主要方式。本文从视野检查、视觉电生理检查、对比敏感度和视功能综合评估4个方面综述视功能评估方法、应用及最新进展,并分析其评估青光眼视功能损伤进展的特点及优劣。

Glaucoma is a group of ocular diseases characterized by structural damage to the optic nerve,and the goal of its clinical management is to slow disease progression and preserve the physiological need for visual function.Methods to assess glaucoma disease progression include assessment of structural damage and assessment of visual function damage.As glaucomatous disease progresses,some of the indicators used to assess structural damage have a floor effect when retinal ganglion cells die in large numbers.Therefore,visual function assessment has become the main modality to monitor the progression of mid-to late-stage glaucoma.This article reviews the visual function assessment methods,applications,and recent advances from four aspects,namely,visual field examination,visual electrophysiology examination,contrast sensitivity,and comprehensive visual function assessment,and analyzes their characteristics,advantages,and disadvantages in assessing the progression of visual function damage in glaucoma.