医学生公共卫生素养现状及其影响因素分析

Analyzingthe Status and Influencing Factors of PublicHealth Literacy among Medical Students

目的通过对现阶段医学生公共卫生素养现状的调查,分析其主要的影响因素,为预防医学实验教学改革提供参考依据。方法对九江学院在校医学本科生进行问卷调查,采用单因素方差分析和多元线性回归分析识别医学生公共卫生素养的主要影响因素。结果共计收回1224份有效调查问卷。医学生公共卫生素养的总得分为(3.64±0.74)分,其中“疾病预防控制基本素养”得分为(3.45±0.85)分,低于“卫生应急基本素养”(3.69±0.75)分。在“卫生应急基本素养”4个维度中,“卫生应急信念性素养”得分最高,为(3.98±0.85)分,“卫生应急知识性素养”得分最低,为(3.35±0.85)分。多元线性回归分析显示,是否参加过临床见习、是否系统学习过预防医学及急救医学课程、环境适应能力、对于新事物新知识接受能力、对于未来从事医疗卫生职业的态度是医学生公共卫生素养的影响因素(p<0.05)。结论目前医学生整体公共卫生素养处于中等水平,有待进一步提高。建议医学院校应通过加强预防医学实践技能培养等促进措施,提高医学生公共卫生素养水平,培养具有预防医学观念和技能的复合型医学人才。

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of medical students’public health literacy,and provide references for the reform of experimental teaching in preventive medicine.Method A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students of Jiujiang University,one-way variance analysis and multiple linear regression were used to identify the main influencing factors of public health literacy.Result A total of 227 valid questionnaires were recovered.The total score of sampled medical students’public health literacy was(3.64±0.74),the score of disease prevention and control literacy was(3.45±0.85),which was lower than the score of health emergency literacy,which is(3.69±0.75).Among the four dimensions of health emergency literacy,health emergency belief dimension had the highest score of(3.98±0.85),and health emergency knowledge dimension scored the lowest(3.35±0.85).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that whether to participate in clinical internship,whether to receive systematic courses in preventive medicine and emergency medicine,environmental adaptability,ability to accept new things and new knowledge,attitudes towards a future career in health care were the influencing factors of public health literacy of medical students(p<0.05).Conclusion The public health literacy of medical students was at a medium level,and needs to be further improved.It was suggested that medical colleges should strengthen the training of preventive medicine practical skills to improve the level of public health literacy of medical students,so as to train medicine talents with preventive medicine concepts and skills.